In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 7, sentence 26
The words—(if I may call them words)—are very few; yet, to judge by their emotional effect, they must signify a great deal.
Who acts: I, words · What happens: call, be, judge, signify, effect · To what, where: words, great deal · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, words), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 words | det |
| 2 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 few | nsubj |
| 3 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 2 words | punct |
| 4 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 8 call | punct |
| 5 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 8 call | mark |
| 6 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 8 call | nsubj |
| 7 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 8 call | aux |
| 8 | call | call | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 words | parataxis |
| 9 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 call | obj |
| 10 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 call | obj |
| 11 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 8 call | punct |
| 12 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 2 words | punct |
| 13 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 few | cop |
| 14 | very | very | ADV | _ | 15 few | advmod |
| 15 | few | few | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 15 few | punct |
| 17 | yet | yet | ADV | _ | 15 few | advmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 judge | punct |
| 19 | to | to | PART | _ | 20 judge | mark |
| 20 | judge | judge | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 15 few | parataxis |
| 21 | by | by | ADP | _ | 24 effect | case |
| 22 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 effect | nmod:poss |
| 23 | emotional | emotional | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 effect | amod |
| 24 | effect | effect | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 judge | obl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 signify | punct |
| 26 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 signify | nsubj |
| 27 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 28 signify | aux |
| 28 | signify | signify | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 judge | conj |
| 29 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 deal | det |
| 30 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 deal | amod |
| 31 | deal | deal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 signify | obj |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 15 few | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | call a condition, not said to happen | may | I | words = word | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme word=Result | ||||
| 2 | is | present | the words | yet | few property | tree rules | |||
| 3 | judge | to-infinitive | by words's emotional effect | vn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V whether/if S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | signify | must | words = word | a great deal | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot deal=Theme | ||||
| 5 | effect | words = word | nom effect «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/9/26/