Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 1, sentence 82
In sooth he was in evil case, for he had more than ten wounds, and from the least of them a man might scarce recover; he came in such guise that his weapons and his vesture and his steed, which was fair and tall, were all dyed red with his own blood.
Who acts: Knight, man, steed · What happens: be, have, scarce, come, dye · To what, where: evil case, ten wounds, recover, least, such guise, weapons
This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Knight, man, steed), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 2 sooth | case |
| 2 | sooth | sooth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 case | obl |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 case | nsubj |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 case | cop |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 case | case |
| 6 | evil | evil | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 case | amod |
| 7 | case | case | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 had | punct |
| 9 | for | for | ADP | _ | 11 had | case |
| 10 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 had | nsubj |
| 11 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 case | parataxis |
| 12 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp ExtPos=ADV | 14 ten | advmod |
| 13 | than | than | ADP | _ | 12 more | fixed |
| 14 | ten | ten | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 15 wounds | nummod |
| 15 | wounds | wound | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 had | obj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 scarce | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 scarce | cc |
| 18 | from | from | ADP | _ | 20 least | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 least | det |
| 20 | least | least | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 26 scarce | obl |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 them | case |
| 22 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 least | nmod |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 man | det |
| 24 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 scarce | nsubj |
| 25 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 26 scarce | aux |
| 26 | scarce | scarce | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 had | conj |
| 27 | recover | recover | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 scarce | obj |
| 28 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 30 came | punct |
| 29 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 came | nsubj |
| 30 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 case | parataxis |
| 31 | in | in | ADP | _ | 33 guise | case |
| 32 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 guise | amod |
| 33 | guise | guise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 came | obl |
| 34 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 52 dyed | obj |
| 35 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 36 weapons | nmod:poss |
| 36 | weapons | weapon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 52 dyed | nsubj:pass |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 vesture | cc |
| 38 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 39 vesture | nmod:poss |
| 39 | vesture | vesture | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 weapons | conj |
| 40 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 steed | cc |
| 41 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 42 steed | nmod:poss |
| 42 | steed | steed | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 vesture | conj |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 fair | punct |
| 44 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 46 fair | nsubj |
| 45 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 46 fair | cop |
| 46 | fair | fair | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 steed | acl:relcl |
| 47 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 48 tall | cc |
| 48 | tall | tall | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 46 fair | conj |
| 49 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 weapons | punct |
| 50 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 52 dyed | aux:pass |
| 51 | all | all | ADV | _ | 52 dyed | advmod |
| 52 | dyed | dye | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 33 guise | acl:relcl |
| 53 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 52 dyed | xcomp |
| 54 | with | with | ADP | _ | 57 blood | case |
| 55 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 57 blood | nmod:poss |
| 56 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 57 blood | amod |
| 57 | blood | blood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 53 red | obl |
| 58 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 case | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | Knight | evil case | in sooth | tree rules | |||
| 2 | have | past | Knight | ten wounds | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wound=Patient | ||||
| 3 | scarce | might | a man | recover | the least of wounds | tree rules | |||
| 4 | come | past | Knight | such guise | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in guise=Location | ||||
| 5 | is | past | Knight's steed | fair property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | be | Knight's steed not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 7 | dye | past · passive | Knight's weapons and Knight's vesture and Knight's steed | such guise obj; all, red property | vn coloring-24 «NP V NP ADJP»: subject=Patient that=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/1/82/