Deuteronomy 19:4 דְּבָרִים

Who acts: this, manslayer, whoso · What happens: be, flee, live, kill, not hate · To what, where: case, neighbour, manslayer

This is Deuteronomy 19:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — this, manslayer, whoso — and what happens in the verse to case, neighbour, manslayer, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 34 chapters of Deuteronomy on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְזֶה֙ דְּבַ֣ר הָרֹצֵ֔חַ אֲשֶׁר־יָנ֥וּס שָׁ֖מָּה וָחָ֑י אֲשֶׁ֨ר יַכֶּ֤ה אֶת־רֵעֵ֙הוּ֙ בִּבְלִי־דַ֔עַת וְה֛וּא לֹא־שֹׂנֵ֥א ל֖וֹ מִתְּמֹ֥ל שִׁלְשֹֽׁם׃

And this is the case of the manslayer, that shall flee thither and live: whoso killeth his neighbour unawares, and hated him not in time past;

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 זֶה֙	cc	and
2	זֶה֙	זֶה	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing PronType=Dem	root	root	this
3	דְּבַ֣ר	דָּבָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 זֶה֙	nsubj	[will be] the case
4	הָ	הַ	SCONJ	_	5 רֹצֵ֔חַ	mark	of
5	רֹצֵ֔חַ	רָצַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	3 דְּבַ֣ר	compound:smixut	the killer
6	אֲשֶׁר־	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	7 יָנ֥וּס	mark	who
7	יָנ֥וּס	נוּס	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	5 רֹצֵ֔חַ	acl:relcl	he will flee
8	שָׁ֖מּ	שָׁם	ADV	_	7 יָנ֥וּס	advmod	to
9	ָה	ה	X	_	8 שָׁ֖מּ	nmod	(to)
10	וָ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 חָ֑י	cc	and
11	חָ֑י	חיה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	7 יָנ֥וּס	conj	he will live
12	אֲשֶׁ֨ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	13 יַכֶּ֤ה	mark	[one] who
13	יַכֶּ֤ה	נָכָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	5 רֹצֵ֔חַ	acl:relcl	he will strike down
14	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	15 רֵע	case	(et)
15	רֵע	רֵעַ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 יַכֶּ֤ה	obj	companion
16	ֵ֙הוּ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 רֵע	nmod:poss	his
17	בִּ	בְּ	ADP	_	18 בְלִי־	case	with
18	בְלִי־	בְּלִי	ADV	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 יַכֶּ֤ה	obl	not
19	דַ֔עַת	דַּעַת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	18 בְלִי־	nsubj	knowledge
20	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	23 שֹׂנֵ֥א	cc	and
21	ה֛וּא	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 שֹׂנֵ֥א	nsubj	he
22	לֹא־	לֹא	ADV	_	23 שֹׂנֵ֥א	advmod	not
23	שֹׂנֵ֥א	שָׂנֵא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	13 יַכֶּ֤ה	conj	[was] hating
24	ל	לְ	ADP	_	25 ֖וֹ	case	(to)
25	֖וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 שֹׂנֵ֥א	obl	him
26	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	27 תְּמֹ֥ל	case	from
27	תְּמֹ֥ל	תְּמוֹל	ADV	_	23 שֹׂנֵ֥א	obl	yesterday
28	שִׁלְשֹֽׁם	שִׁלְשֹׁום	ADV	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	27 תְּמֹ֥ל	advmod	[the] third day
29	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	28 שִׁלְשֹֽׁם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	who makes it happen (AA)
יָנוּס he will flee	yiqtol · qal	רֹצֵחַ the killer
חָי he will live	weqatal · qal	רֹצֵחַ the killer
יַכֶּה he will strike down	yiqtol · hiphil	רֵע companion	רֹצֵחַ the killer
not שֹׂנֵא [was] hating	participle active · qal	הוּא he

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וְדֵין פִּתְגַם קָטוֹלָא דְיֵעִרוֹק תַּמָן וְיִתְקַיַם דִי יִקְטוֹל יָת חַבְרֵהּ בְּלָא מַנְדְעֵהּ וְהוּא לָא סָנֵי לֵהּ מֵאִתְמַלֵי וּמִדְקָמוֹהִי

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And this is the case of the manslayer, that shall flee thither and live: whoso killeth his neighbour unawares, and hated him not in time past;

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:DEU:517.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.19.4/