Deuteronomy 22:1 דְּבָרִים

Who acts: Thou · What happens: not see, drive away, hide, bring back · To what, where: ox, sheep, thyself

This is Deuteronomy 22:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Thou — and what happens in the verse to ox, sheep, thyself, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 34 chapters of Deuteronomy on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

לֹֽא־תִרְאֶה֩ אֶת־שׁ֨וֹר אָחִ֜יךָ א֤וֹ אֶת־שֵׂיוֹ֙ נִדָּחִ֔ים וְהִתְעַלַּמְתָּ֖ מֵהֶ֑ם הָשֵׁ֥ב תְּשִׁיבֵ֖ם לְאָחִֽיךָ׃

Thou shalt not see thy brother's ox or his sheep driven away, and hide thyself from them; thou shalt surely bring them back unto thy brother.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	2 תִרְאֶה֩	advmod	not
2	תִרְאֶה֩	רָאָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	root	root	you will see
3	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	4 שׁ֨וֹר	case	(et)
4	שׁ֨וֹר	שׁוֹר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 נִדָּחִ֔ים	nsubj	the ox
5	אָחִ֜י	אָח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 שׁ֨וֹר	compound:smixut	your countryman
6	ךָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	5 אָחִ֜י	nmod:poss	your
7	א֤וֹ	אוֹ	CCONJ	_	9 שֵׂי	cc	or
8	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	9 שֵׂי	case	(et)
9	שֵׂי	שֶׂה	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 שׁ֨וֹר	conj	sheep
10	וֹ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 שֵׂי	nmod:poss	his
11	נִדָּחִ֔ים	נָדַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur	2 תִרְאֶה֩	ccomp	going astray
12	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 הִתְעַלַּמְתָּ֖	cc	and
13	הִתְעַלַּמְתָּ֖	עָלַם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HITHPAEL Number=Sing Person=2	2 תִרְאֶה֩	conj	you will hide yourself
14	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	15 הֶ֑ם	case	from
15	הֶ֑ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 הִתְעַלַּמְתָּ֖	obl	them
16	הָשֵׁ֥ב	שׁוּב	VERB	HebBinyan=HIPHIL	17 תְּשִׁיב	obl:npmod	certainly (return)
17	תְּשִׁיב	שׁוּב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=2	2 תִרְאֶה֩	parataxis	you
18	ֵ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 תְּשִׁיב	obj	will return them
19	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	20 אָחִֽי	case	to
20	אָחִֽי	אָח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 תְּשִׁיב	obl	countryman
21	ךָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	20 אָחִֽי	nmod:poss	your
22	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	21 ךָ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: request
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes
indirect: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
not תִרְאֶה you will see	yiqtol · qal		נִדָּחִים going astray
נִדָּחִים going astray	participle active · niphal		שׁוֹר the ox + שֵׂי sheep
הִתְעַלַּמְתָּ you will hide yourself	weqatal · hithpael
תְּשִׁיב you	yiqtol · hiphil	ֵם will return them

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

לָא תֶחֱזֵי יָת תּוֹרָא דְאָחוּךְ אוֹ יַת אִמְרֵהּ דְטָעָן וְתִתְכְּבֵשׁ מִנְהוֹן אָתָבָא תָתֵבִנוּן לְאָחוּךְ

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Thou shalt not see thy brother's ox or his sheep driven away, and hide thyself from them; thou shalt surely bring them back unto thy brother.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:DEU:578.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.22.1/