Deuteronomy 32:30 דְּבָרִים

Who acts: one, two, Rock, LORD · What happens: chase, put, give over, deliver up · To what, where: thousand, ten thousand, adversaries

This is Deuteronomy 32:30 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — one, two, Rock, LORD — and what happens in the verse to thousand, ten thousand, adversaries, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 34 chapters of Deuteronomy on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

אֵיכָ֞ה יִרְדֹּ֤ף אֶחָד֙ אֶ֔לֶף וּשְׁנַ֖יִם יָנִ֣יסוּ רְבָבָ֑ה אִם־לֹא֙ כִּי־צוּרָ֣ם מְכָרָ֔ם וַֽיהוָ֖ה הִסְגִּירָֽם׃

How should one chase a thousand, and two put ten thousand to flight, except their Rock had given them over and the LORD had delivered them up?

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	אֵיכָ֞ה	אֵיכָה	INTJ	_	2 יִרְדֹּ֤ף	discourse	how?
2	יִרְדֹּ֤ף	רָדַף	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	will he pursue
3	אֶחָד֙	אֶחָד	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יִרְדֹּ֤ף	nsubj	one [person]
4	אֶ֔לֶף	אֶלֶף	NUM	Number=Sing	2 יִרְדֹּ֤ף	obj	a thousand
5	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 יָנִ֣יסוּ	cc	and
6	שְׁנַ֖יִם	שְׁנַיִם	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Dual	7 יָנִ֣יסוּ	nsubj	two [people]
7	יָנִ֣יסוּ	נוּס	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִרְדֹּ֤ף	conj	will they put to flight?
8	רְבָבָ֑ה	רְבָבָה	NUM	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	7 יָנִ֣יסוּ	obj	ten thousand
9	אִם־	אִם	SCONJ	_	14 מְכָר	mark	if
10	לֹא֙	לֹא	ADV	_	14 מְכָר	advmod	not
11	כִּי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	14 מְכָר	mark	(cmp)
12	צוּר	צוּר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 מְכָר	nsubj	rock
13	ָ֣ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 צוּר	nmod:poss	their
14	מְכָר	מָכַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִרְדֹּ֤ף	parataxis	he
15	ָ֔ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 מְכָר	obj	had sold them
16	וַֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 הִסְגִּיר	cc	and
17	יהוָ֖ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	18 הִסְגִּיר	nsubj	Yahweh
18	הִסְגִּיר	סָגַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	14 מְכָר	conj	he
19	ָֽם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 הִסְגִּיר	obj	had delivered them up
20	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	19 ָֽם	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: speech with no frame
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
יִרְדֹּף will he pursue	yiqtol · qal	אֶחָד one [person]	אֶלֶף a thousand
יָנִיסוּ will they put to flight?	yiqtol · hiphil	רְבָבָה ten thousand		שְׁנַיִם two [people]
not מְכָר he	qatal · qal	צוּר rock	ָם had sold them
הִסְגִּיר he	qatal · hiphil	ָֽם had delivered them up		יהוָה Yahweh

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

אֶכְדֵין יִרְדוֹף חַד אַלְפָא וּתְרֵין יֶעֶרְקוּן לְרִבּוֹתָא אֶלָהֵן (אֲרֵי) תַּקִיפְהוֹן מְסָרִנוּן וַייָ אַשְׁלֵמִנוּן

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

How should one chase a thousand, and two put ten thousand to flight, except their Rock had given them over and the LORD had delivered them up?

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:DEU:895.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.32.30/