Deuteronomy 4:26 דְּבָרִים

Who acts: I, ye · What happens: call, witness, perish, go, possess, not prolong · To what, where: heaven, land, Jordan · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Deuteronomy 4:26 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, ye — and what happens in the verse to heaven, land, Jordan, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 34 chapters of Deuteronomy on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

הַעִידֹתִי֩ בָכֶ֨ם הַיּ֜וֹם אֶת־הַשָּׁמַ֣יִם וְאֶת־הָאָ֗רֶץ כִּֽי־אָבֹ֣ד תֹּאבֵדוּן֮ מַהֵר֒ מֵעַ֣ל הָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁ֨ר אַתֶּ֜ם עֹבְרִ֧ים אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּ֛ן שָׁ֖מָּה לְרִשְׁתָּ֑הּ לֹֽא־תַאֲרִיכֻ֤ן יָמִים֙ עָלֶ֔יהָ כִּ֥י הִשָּׁמֵ֖ד תִּשָּׁמֵדֽוּן׃

I call heaven and earth to witness against you this day, that ye shall soon utterly perish from off the land whereunto ye go over the Jordan to possess it; ye shall not prolong your days upon it, but shall utterly be destroyed.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	הַעִידֹתִי֩	עוּד	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=1	root	root	I call as witnesses
2	ב	בְּ	ADP	_	3 ָכֶ֨ם	case	against
3	ָכֶ֨ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	1 הַעִידֹתִי֩	obl	you
4	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	5 יּ֜וֹם	det	this
5	יּ֜וֹם	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	1 הַעִידֹתִי֩	obl	day
6	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	8 שָּׁמַ֣יִם	case	(et)
7	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	8 שָּׁמַ֣יִם	det	the
8	שָּׁמַ֣יִם	שָׁמַיִם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	1 הַעִידֹתִי֩	obj	heavens
9	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	12 אָ֗רֶץ	cc	and
10	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	12 אָ֗רֶץ	case	(et)
11	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	12 אָ֗רֶץ	det	the
12	אָ֗רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 שָּׁמַ֣יִם	conj	earth
13	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	15 תֹּאבֵדוּ	mark	(dm) that
14	אָבֹ֣ד	אָבַד	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	15 תֹּאבֵדוּ	obl:npmod	certainly (perish)
15	תֹּאבֵדוּ	אָבַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	1 הַעִידֹתִי֩	advcl	you
16	ן֮	נ	X	_	15 תֹּאבֵדוּ	nmod	will perish
17	מַהֵר֒	מַהֵר	VERB	HebBinyan=PIEL	15 תֹּאבֵדוּ	obl:npmod	quickly
18	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	21 אָ֔רֶץ	case	from
19	עַ֣ל	עַל	ADP	_	21 אָ֔רֶץ	case	on
20	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	21 אָ֔רֶץ	det	the
21	אָ֔רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 תֹּאבֵדוּ	obl	land
22	אֲשֶׁ֨ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	24 עֹבְרִ֧ים	mark	where
23	אַתֶּ֜ם	אַתֶּם	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	24 עֹבְרִ֧ים	nsubj	you
24	עֹבְרִ֧ים	עָבַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	21 אָ֔רֶץ	acl:relcl	[are] about to pass over
25	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	27 יַּרְדֵּ֛ן	case	(et)
26	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	27 יַּרְדֵּ֛ן	det	the
27	יַּרְדֵּ֛ן	יַרְדֵּן	PROPN	_	24 עֹבְרִ֧ים	obl	Jordan
28	שָׁ֖מּ	שָׁם	ADV	_	24 עֹבְרִ֧ים	advmod	to
29	ָה	ה	X	_	28 שָׁ֖מּ	nmod	(to)
30	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	31 רִשְׁתּ	case	to
31	רִשְׁתּ	יָרַשׁ	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	24 עֹבְרִ֧ים	advcl	take
32	ָ֑הּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	31 רִשְׁתּ	obj	possession of it
33	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	34 תַאֲרִיכֻ֤	advmod	not
34	תַאֲרִיכֻ֤	אָרַךְ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=2	15 תֹּאבֵדוּ	parataxis	you
35	ן	נ	X	_	34 תַאֲרִיכֻ֤	nmod	will prolong
36	יָמִים֙	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	34 תַאֲרִיכֻ֤	obj	days
37	עָלֶ֔י	עַל	ADP	_	38 הָ	case	on
38	הָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	34 תַאֲרִיכֻ֤	obl	it
39	כִּ֥י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	41 תִּשָּׁמֵדֽוּ	mark	(dm)
40	הִשָּׁמֵ֖ד	שָׁמַד	VERB	HebBinyan=NIPHAL	41 תִּשָּׁמֵדֽוּ	obl:npmod	utterly (destroyed)
41	תִּשָּׁמֵדֽוּ	שָׁמַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur Person=2	15 תֹּאבֵדוּ	parataxis	you
42	ן	נ	X	_	41 תִּשָּׁמֵדֽוּ	nmod	will be destroyed
43	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	42 ן	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
הַעִידֹתִי I call as witnesses	qatal · hiphil	שָּׁמַיִם heavens + אָרֶץ earth
תֹּאבֵדוּ you	yiqtol · qal
עֹבְרִים [are] about to pass over	participle active · qal	אַתֶּם you
רִשְׁתּ take	infinitive construct · qal		ָהּ possession of it
not תַאֲרִיכֻ you	yiqtol · hiphil	יָמִים days
תִּשָּׁמֵדֽוּ you	yiqtol · niphal

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

אַסְהֵדִית בְּכוֹן יוֹמָא דֵין יָת שְׁמַיָא וְיָת אַרְעָא אֲרֵי מֵיבַד תֵּיבְדוּן בִּפְרִיעַ מֵעַל אַרְעָא דִי אַתּוּן עָבְרִין יָת יַרְדְנָא לְתַמָן לְמֵירְתַהּ לָא תוֹרְכוּן יוֹמִין עֲלַהּ אֲרֵי אִשְׁתְּצָאָה תִּשְׁתֵּצוּן

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

I call heaven and earth to witness against you this day, that ye shall soon utterly perish from off the land whereunto ye go over the Jordan to possess it; ye shall not prolong your days upon it, but shall utterly be destroyed.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:DEU:137.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/DEU.4.26/