Exodus 1:18 שְׁמוֹת

Who acts: king, ye · What happens: call, say, do, save · To what, where: thing, men children · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Exodus 1:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — king, ye — and what happens in the verse to thing, men children, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּקְרָ֤א מֶֽלֶךְ־מִצְרַ֙יִם֙ לַֽמְיַלְּדֹ֔ת וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לָהֶ֔ן מַדּ֥וּעַ עֲשִׂיתֶ֖ן הַדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּ֑ה וַתְּחַיֶּ֖יןָ אֶת־הַיְלָדִֽים׃

And the king of Egypt called for the midwives, and said unto them: 'Why have ye done this thing, and have saved the men-children alive?'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּקְרָ֤א	cc	and
2	יִּקְרָ֤א	קָרָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he summoned
3	מֶֽלֶךְ־	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יִּקְרָ֤א	nsubj	the king
4	מִצְרַ֙יִם֙	מִצְרַיִם	PROPN	_	3 מֶֽלֶךְ־	compound:smixut	of Egypt
5	לַֽ	לְ	ADP	_	7 מְיַלְּדֹ֔ת	case	(to)
6	ה	הַ	SCONJ	_	7 מְיַלְּדֹ֔ת	mark	the
7	מְיַלְּדֹ֔ת	יָלַד	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur	2 יִּקְרָ֤א	advcl	midwives
8	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 יֹּ֣אמֶר	cc	and
9	יֹּ֣אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּקְרָ֤א	conj	he said
10	ל	לְ	ADP	_	11 ָהֶ֔ן	case	to
11	ָהֶ֔ן	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 יֹּ֣אמֶר	obl	them
12	מַדּ֥וּעַ	מַדּוּעַ	ADV	_	13 עֲשִׂיתֶ֖ן	advmod	why?
13	עֲשִׂיתֶ֖ן	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	9 יֹּ֣אמֶר	ccomp	have you done
14	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	15 דָּבָ֣ר	det	the
15	דָּבָ֣ר	דָּבָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 עֲשִׂיתֶ֖ן	obj	thing
16	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	17 זֶּ֑ה	det	(the)
17	זֶּ֑ה	זֶה	DET	Gender=Masc Number=Sing PronType=Dem	15 דָּבָ֣ר	det	this
18	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	19 תְּחַיֶּ֖יןָ	cc	and
19	תְּחַיֶּ֖יןָ	חָיָה	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=2	13 עֲשִׂיתֶ֖ן	conj	have you let live?
20	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	22 יְלָדִֽים	case	(et)
21	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	22 יְלָדִֽים	det	the [male]
22	יְלָדִֽים	יֶלֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	19 תְּחַיֶּ֖יןָ	obj	children
23	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	22 יְלָדִֽים	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יִּקְרָא he summoned	wayyiqtol · qal	מֶֽלֶךְ־ the king
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	מֶֽלֶךְ־ the king
עֲשִׂיתֶן have you done	qatal · qal		דָּבָר thing
תְּחַיֶּיןָ have you let live?	wayyiqtol · piel		יְלָדִֽים children

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וּקְרָא מַלְכָּא דְמִצְרַיִם לְחַיָתָא וַאֲמַר לְהֶן מָה דֵין עֲבַדְתּוּן יָת פִּתְגָמָא הָדֵין וְקַיֵמְתּוּן יָת בְּנַיָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And the king of Egypt called for the midwives, and said unto them: 'Why have ye done this thing, and have saved the men-children alive?'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EXO:17.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.1.18/