Exodus 10:12 שְׁמוֹת

Who acts: LORD, servants, hail · What happens: say, stretch out, come up, eat, leave · To what, where: hand, land, herb · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Exodus 10:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, servants, hail — and what happens in the verse to hand, land, herb, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יְהוָ֜ה אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֗ה נְטֵ֨ה יָדְךָ֜ עַל־אֶ֤רֶץ מִצְרַ֙יִם֙ בָּֽאַרְבֶּ֔ה וְיַ֖עַל עַל־אֶ֣רֶץ מִצְרָ֑יִם וְיֹאכַל֙ אֶת־כָּל־עֵ֣שֶׂב הָאָ֔רֶץ אֵ֛ת כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֥ר הִשְׁאִ֖יר הַבָּרָֽד׃

And the LORD said unto Moses: 'Stretch out thy hand over the land of Egypt for the locusts, that they may come up upon the land of Egypt, and eat every herb of the land, even all that the hail hath left.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֨אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	יְהוָ֜ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	nsubj	Yahweh
4	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	5 מֹשֶׁ֗ה	case	to
5	מֹשֶׁ֗ה	מֹשֶׁה	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	obl	Moses
6	נְטֵ֨ה	נָטָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	ccomp	stretch out
7	יָד	יָד	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 נְטֵ֨ה	obj	hand
8	ְךָ֜	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	7 יָד	nmod:poss	your
9	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	10 אֶ֤רֶץ	case	over
10	אֶ֤רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 נְטֵ֨ה	obl	the land
11	מִצְרַ֙יִם֙	מִצְרַיִם	PROPN	_	10 אֶ֤רֶץ	compound:smixut	of Egypt
12	בָּֽ	בְּ	ADP	_	14 אַרְבֶּ֔ה	case	for
13	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	14 אַרְבֶּ֔ה	det	the
14	אַרְבֶּ֔ה	אַרְבֶּה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 נְטֵ֨ה	obl	locust[s]
15	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 יַ֖עַל	cc	so
16	יַ֖עַל	עָלָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	6 נְטֵ֨ה	conj	that it may come up
17	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	18 אֶ֣רֶץ	case	on
18	אֶ֣רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 יַ֖עַל	obl	the land
19	מִצְרָ֑יִם	מִצְרַיִם	PROPN	_	18 אֶ֣רֶץ	compound:smixut	of Egypt
20	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	21 יֹאכַל֙	cc	and
21	יֹאכַל֙	אָכַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	6 נְטֵ֨ה	conj	so that it may eat
22	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	23 כָּל־	case	(et)
23	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 יֹאכַל֙	obj	all
24	עֵ֣שֶׂב	עֵשֶׂב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	23 כָּל־	compound:smixut	the vegetation
25	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	26 אָ֔רֶץ	det	of
26	אָ֔רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 עֵ֣שֶׂב	compound:smixut	the land
27	אֵ֛ת	אֵת	ADP	_	28 כָּל־	case	(et)
28	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	23 כָּל־	appos	all
29	אֲשֶׁ֥ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	30 הִשְׁאִ֖יר	mark	that
30	הִשְׁאִ֖יר	שָׁאַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	28 כָּל־	acl:relcl	it left over
31	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	32 בָּרָֽד	det	the
32	בָּרָֽד	בָּרָד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	30 הִשְׁאִ֖יר	nsubj	hail
33	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	32 בָּרָֽד	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh
נְטֵה stretch out	imperative · qal	מֹשֶׁה Moses	יָד hand
יַעַל that it may come up	jussive · qal
יֹאכַל so that it may eat	yiqtol · qal		עֵשֶׂב the vegetation
הִשְׁאִיר it left over	qatal · hiphil	כָּל־ all		בָּרָֽד hail

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וַאֲמַר יְיָ לְמשֶׁה אֲרֵים יְדָךְ עַל אַרְעָא דְמִצְרָיִם וְיֵתֵי גוֹבָא וְיִסַק עַל אַרְעָא דְמִצְרָיִם וְיֵכוּל יָת כָּל עִסְבָּא דְאַרְעָא יָת כָּל דִי אַשְׁאַר בַּרְדָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And the LORD said unto Moses: 'Stretch out thy hand over the land of Egypt for the locusts, that they may come up upon the land of Egypt, and eat every herb of the land, even all that the hail hath left.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EXO:256.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.10.12/