Exodus 10:19 שְׁמוֹת

Who acts: LORD, strong west wind, one locust · What happens: turn, take up, drive, not remain · To what, where: strong west wind, locusts, Red Sea

This is Exodus 10:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, strong west wind, one locust — and what happens in the verse to strong west wind, locusts, Red Sea, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיַּהֲפֹ֨ךְ יְהוָ֤ה רֽוּחַ־יָם֙ חָזָ֣ק מְאֹ֔ד וַיִּשָּׂא֙ אֶת־הָ֣אַרְבֶּ֔ה וַיִּתְקָעֵ֖הוּ יָ֣מָּה סּ֑וּף לֹ֤א נִשְׁאַר֙ אַרְבֶּ֣ה אֶחָ֔ד בְּכֹ֖ל גְּב֥וּל מִצְרָֽיִם׃

And the LORD turned an exceeding strong west wind, which took up the locusts, and drove them into the Red Sea; there remained not one locust in all the border of Egypt.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יַּהֲפֹ֨ךְ	cc	and
2	יַּהֲפֹ֨ךְ	הָפַךְ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he turned
3	יְהוָ֤ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	2 יַּהֲפֹ֨ךְ	nsubj	Yahweh
4	רֽוּחַ־	רוּחַ	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 יַּהֲפֹ֨ךְ	obj	a wind
5	יָם֙	יָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 רֽוּחַ־	compound:smixut	west
6	חָזָ֣ק	חָזָק	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 רֽוּחַ־	amod	strong
7	מְאֹ֔ד	מְאֹד	ADV	_	6 חָזָ֣ק	advmod	very
8	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 יִּשָּׂא֙	cc	and
9	יִּשָּׂא֙	נָשָׂא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּהֲפֹ֨ךְ	conj	it carried away
10	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	12 אַרְבֶּ֔ה	case	(et)
11	הָ֣	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	12 אַרְבֶּ֔ה	det	the
12	אַרְבֶּ֔ה	אַרְבֶּה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 יִּשָּׂא֙	obj	locust[s]
13	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 יִּתְקָע	cc	and
14	יִּתְקָע	תָּקַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּהֲפֹ֨ךְ	conj	it
15	ֵ֖הוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 יִּתְקָע	obj	blew it
16	יָ֣מּ	יָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 יִּתְקָע	obl	sea
17	ָה	ה	X	_	16 יָ֣מּ	nmod	towards [the]
18	סּ֑וּף	סוּף	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 יָ֣מּ	compound:smixut	of reed[s]
19	לֹ֤א	לֹא	ADV	_	20 נִשְׁאַר֙	advmod	not
20	נִשְׁאַר֙	שָׁאַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּהֲפֹ֨ךְ	parataxis	it remained
21	אַרְבֶּ֣ה	אַרְבֶּה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 נִשְׁאַר֙	nsubj	a locust
22	אֶחָ֔ד	אֶחָד	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 אַרְבֶּ֣ה	nummod	one
23	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	24 כֹ֖ל	case	in
24	כֹ֖ל	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 נִשְׁאַר֙	obl	all
25	גְּב֥וּל	גְּבוּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	24 כֹ֖ל	compound:smixut	the territory
26	מִצְרָֽיִם	מִצְרַיִם	PROPN	_	25 גְּב֥וּל	compound:smixut	of Egypt
27	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	26 מִצְרָֽיִם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יַּהֲפֹךְ he turned	wayyiqtol · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh	רֽוּחַ־ a wind
יִּשָּׂא it carried away	wayyiqtol · qal	רֽוּחַ־ a wind	אַרְבֶּה locust[s]
יִּתְקָע it	wayyiqtol · qal	רֽוּחַ־ a wind	ֵהוּ blew it
not נִשְׁאַר it remained	qatal · niphal		אַרְבֶּה a locust

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וַהֲפַךְ יְיָ רוּחָא מַעַרְבָא תַּקִיף לַחֲדָא וּנְטַל יָת גוֹבָא וּרְמָהִי לְיַמָא דְסוּף לָא אִשְׁתָּאַר גוֹבָא חַד בְּכֹל תְּחוּם מִצְרָיִם:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And the LORD turned an exceeding strong west wind, which took up the locusts, and drove them into the Red Sea; there remained not one locust in all the border of Egypt.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EXO:263.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.10.19/