Exodus 12:48 שְׁמוֹת

Who acts: stranger, you, uncircumcised person · What happens: sojourn, keep, let, circumcise, come, be · To what, where: passover, males, stranger, male, land

This is Exodus 12:48 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — stranger, you, uncircumcised person — and what happens in the verse to passover, males, stranger, male, land, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְכִֽי־יָג֨וּר אִתְּךָ֜ גֵּ֗ר וְעָ֣שָׂה פֶסַח֮ לַיהוָה֒ הִמּ֧וֹל ל֣וֹ כָל־זָכָ֗ר וְאָז֙ יִקְרַ֣ב לַעֲשֹׂת֔וֹ וְהָיָ֖ה כְּאֶזְרַ֣ח הָאָ֑רֶץ וְכָל־עָרֵ֖ל לֹֽא־יֹ֥אכַל בּֽוֹ׃

And when a stranger shall sojourn with thee, and will keep the passover to the LORD, let all his males be circumcised, and then let him come near and keep it; and he shall be as one that is born in the land; but no uncircumcised person shall eat thereof.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	3 יָג֨וּר	cc	and
2	כִֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	3 יָג֨וּר	mark	(dm)
3	יָג֨וּר	גּוּר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he will sojourn
4	אִתּ	אֵת	ADP	_	5 ְךָ֜	case	with
5	ְךָ֜	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	3 יָג֨וּר	obl	you
6	גֵּ֗ר	גֵּר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 יָג֨וּר	nsubj	a sojourner
7	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 עָ֣שָׂה	cc	and
8	עָ֣שָׂה	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 יָג֨וּר	conj	he will observe
9	פֶסַח֮	פֶּסַח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 עָ֣שָׂה	obj	a passover
10	לַ	לְ	ADP	_	11 יהוָה֒	case	to
11	יהוָה֒	יהוה	PROPN	_	8 עָ֣שָׂה	obl	Yahweh
12	הִמּ֧וֹל	מוּל	VERB	HebBinyan=NIPHAL	3 יָג֨וּר	parataxis	he will be circumcised
13	ל	לְ	ADP	_	14 ֣וֹ	case
14	֣וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 הִמּ֧וֹל	obl	his
15	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 הִמּ֧וֹל	nsubj	every
16	זָכָ֗ר	זָכָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 כָל־	compound:smixut	male
17	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	19 יִקְרַ֣ב	cc	and
18	אָז֙	אָז	ADV	_	19 יִקְרַ֣ב	advmod	then
19	יִקְרַ֣ב	קָרַב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 יָג֨וּר	conj	he will draw near
20	לַ	לְ	ADP	_	21 עֲשֹׂת	case	to
21	עֲשֹׂת	עָשָׂה	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	19 יִקְרַ֣ב	advcl	observe
22	֔וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 עֲשֹׂת	obj	it
23	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	26 אֶזְרַ֣ח	cc	and
24	הָיָ֖ה	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	26 אֶזְרַ֣ח	cop	he will be
25	כְּ	כְּ	ADP	_	26 אֶזְרַ֣ח	case	like
26	אֶזְרַ֣ח	אֶזְרָח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 יָג֨וּר	conj	the native-born
27	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	28 אָ֑רֶץ	det	of
28	אָ֑רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 אֶזְרַ֣ח	compound:smixut	the land
29	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	33 יֹ֥אכַל	cc	and
30	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	33 יֹ֥אכַל	nsubj	any
31	עָרֵ֖ל	עָרֵל	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	30 כָל־	compound:smixut	uncircumcised [man]
32	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	33 יֹ֥אכַל	advmod	not
33	יֹ֥אכַל	אָכַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 יָג֨וּר	conj	he will eat
34	בּ	בְּ	ADP	_	35 ֽוֹ	case	in
35	ֽוֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	33 יֹ֥אכַל	obl	it
36	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	35 ֽוֹ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: request
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יָגוּר he will sojourn	yiqtol · qal	גֵּר a sojourner
עָשָׂה he will observe	weqatal · qal	גֵּר a sojourner	פֶסַח a passover
הִמּוֹל he will be circumcised	infinitive absolute · niphal		זָכָר male
יִקְרַב he will draw near	jussive · qal	גֵּר a sojourner
עֲשֹׂת observe	infinitive construct · qal	גֵּר a sojourner	וֹ it
הָיָה he will be	weqatal · qal	גֵּר a sojourner
not יֹאכַל he will eat	yiqtol · qal	עָרֵל uncircumcised [man]

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וַאֲרֵי יִתְגַיַר עִמָךְ גִיוֹרָא וְיַעְבֵּד פִּסְחָא קֳדָם יְיָ מִגְזַר לֵהּ כָּל דְכוּרָא וּבְכֵן יִקְרַב לְמֶעְבְּדֵהּ וִיהֵי כְּיַצִיבָא דְאַרְעָא וְכָל עַרְלָא לָא יֵכוּל בֵּהּ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And when a stranger shall sojourn with thee, and will keep the passover to the LORD, let all his males be circumcised, and then let him come near and keep it; and he shall be as one that is born in the land; but no uncircumcised person shall eat thereof.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EXO:331.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.12.48/