Exodus 14:27 שְׁמוֹת

Who acts: Moses, sea, morning, Egyptians, LORD · What happens: stretch, return, appear, flee, overthrow · To what, where: hand, sea, Egyptians, midst

This is Exodus 14:27 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Moses, sea, morning, Egyptians, LORD — and what happens in the verse to hand, sea, Egyptians, midst, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֵּט֩ מֹשֶׁ֨ה אֶת־יָד֜וֹ עַל־הַיָּ֗ם וַיָּ֨שָׁב הַיָּ֜ם לִפְנ֥וֹת בֹּ֙קֶר֙ לְאֵ֣יתָנ֔וֹ וּמִצְרַ֖יִם נָסִ֣ים לִקְרָאת֑וֹ וַיְנַעֵ֧ר יְהוָ֛ה אֶת־מִצְרַ֖יִם בְּת֥וֹךְ הַיָּֽם׃

And Moses stretched forth his hand over the sea, and the sea returned to its strength when the morning appeared; and the Egyptians fled against it; and the LORD overthrew the Egyptians in the midst of the sea.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֵּט֩	cc	and
2	יֵּט֩	נָטָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he stretched out
3	מֹשֶׁ֨ה	מֹשֶׁה	PROPN	_	2 יֵּט֩	nsubj	Moses
4	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	5 יָד	case	(et)
5	יָד	יָד	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 יֵּט֩	obj	hand
6	֜וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 יָד	nmod:poss	his
7	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	9 יָּ֗ם	case	over
8	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	9 יָּ֗ם	det	the
9	יָּ֗ם	יָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יֵּט֩	obl	sea
10	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 יָּ֨שָׁב	cc	and
11	יָּ֨שָׁב	שׁוּב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֵּט֩	conj	it returned
12	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	13 יָּ֜ם	det	the
13	יָּ֜ם	יָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 יָּ֨שָׁב	nsubj	sea
14	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	15 פְנ֥וֹת	case	to [the]
15	פְנ֥וֹת	פָּנָה	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	11 יָּ֨שָׁב	advcl	turning
16	בֹּ֙קֶר֙	בֹּקֶר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 פְנ֥וֹת	nsubj	of morning
17	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	18 אֵ֣יתָנ	case	to
18	אֵ֣יתָנ	אֵיתָן	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 יָּ֨שָׁב	obl	its normal
19	֔וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 אֵ֣יתָנ	nmod:poss	[state]
20	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	22 נָסִ֣ים	cc	and
21	מִצְרַ֖יִם	מִצְרַיִם	PROPN	_	22 נָסִ֣ים	nsubj	Egypt
22	נָסִ֣ים	נוּס	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur	2 יֵּט֩	conj	[were] fleeing
23	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	24 קְרָאת	case	to
24	קְרָאת	קרא	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	22 נָסִ֣ים	advcl	meet
25	֑וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 קְרָאת	obj	it
26	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	27 יְנַעֵ֧ר	cc	and
27	יְנַעֵ֧ר	נָעַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יֵּט֩	conj	he shook off
28	יְהוָ֛ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	27 יְנַעֵ֧ר	nsubj	Yahweh
29	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	30 מִצְרַ֖יִם	case	(et)
30	מִצְרַ֖יִם	מִצְרַיִם	PROPN	_	27 יְנַעֵ֧ר	obj	Egypt
31	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	32 ת֥וֹךְ	case	in
32	ת֥וֹךְ	תָּוֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	27 יְנַעֵ֧ר	obl	the middle
33	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	34 יָּֽם	det	of
34	יָּֽם	יָם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	32 ת֥וֹךְ	compound:smixut	the sea
35	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	34 יָּֽם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֵּט he stretched out	wayyiqtol · qal	מֹשֶׁה Moses	יָד hand
יָּשָׁב it returned	wayyiqtol · qal	יָּם sea
פְנוֹת turning	infinitive construct · qal	בֹּקֶר of morning
נָסִים [were] fleeing	participle active · qal	מִצְרַיִם Egypt
קְרָאת meet	infinitive construct · qal	מִצְרַיִם Egypt	וֹ it
יְנַעֵר he shook off	wayyiqtol · piel	יְהוָה Yahweh	מִצְרַיִם Egypt

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וַאֲרֵים משֶׁה יָת יְדֵהּ עַל יַמָא וְתָב יַמָא לְעִדַן צַפְרָא לְתָקְפֵּהּ וּמִצְרָאֵי עָרְקִין לְקַדָמוּתֵהּ וְשַׁנִיק יְיָ יָת מִצְרָאֵי בְּגוֹ יַמָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And Moses stretched forth his hand over the sea, and the sea returned to its strength when the morning appeared; and the Egyptians fled against it; and the LORD overthrew the Egyptians in the midst of the sea.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EXO:383.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.14.27/