Exodus 16:4 שְׁמוֹת

Who acts: LORD, I, people · What happens: say, cause, rain, go out, gather, prove · To what, where: bread, heaven, portion, people, law · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Exodus 16:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, I, people — and what happens in the verse to bread, heaven, portion, people, law, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה הִנְנִ֨י מַמְטִ֥יר לָכֶ֛ם לֶ֖חֶם מִן־הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם וְיָצָ֨א הָעָ֤ם וְלָֽקְטוּ֙ דְּבַר־י֣וֹם בְּיוֹמ֔וֹ לְמַ֧עַן אֲנַסֶּ֛נּוּ הֲיֵלֵ֥ךְ בְּתוֹרָתִ֖י אִם־לֹֽא׃

Then said the LORD unto Moses: 'Behold, I will cause to rain bread from heaven for you; and the people shall go out and gather a day's portion every day, that I may prove them, whether they will walk in My law, or not.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֤אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	יְהוָה֙	יהוה	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	nsubj	Yahweh
4	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	5 מֹשֶׁ֔ה	case	to
5	מֹשֶׁ֔ה	מֹשֶׁה	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	obl	Moses
6	הִנ	הִנֵּה	INTJ	_	8 מַמְטִ֥יר	nsubj	here
7	ְנִ֨י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	6 הִנ	nsubj	I
8	מַמְטִ֥יר	מָטַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	ccomp	[am] about to rain down
9	ל	לְ	ADP	_	10 ָכֶ֛ם	case	for
10	ָכֶ֛ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	8 מַמְטִ֥יר	obl	you
11	לֶ֖חֶם	לֶחֶם	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 מַמְטִ֥יר	obj	bread
12	מִן־	מִן	ADP	_	14 שָּׁמָ֑יִם	case	from
13	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	14 שָּׁמָ֑יִם	det	the
14	שָּׁמָ֑יִם	שָׁמַיִם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	8 מַמְטִ֥יר	obl	heavens
15	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 יָצָ֨א	cc	and
16	יָצָ֨א	יָצָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	8 מַמְטִ֥יר	conj	it will go out
17	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	18 עָ֤ם	det	the
18	עָ֤ם	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 יָצָ֨א	nsubj	people
19	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	20 לָֽקְטוּ֙	cc	and
20	לָֽקְטוּ֙	לָקַט	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	8 מַמְטִ֥יר	conj	they will gather
21	דְּבַר־	דָּבָר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 לָֽקְטוּ֙	obj	a matter
22	י֣וֹם	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 דְּבַר־	compound:smixut	of a day
23	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	24 יוֹמ	case	in
24	יוֹמ	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 לָֽקְטוּ֙	obl	day
25	֔וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 יוֹמ	nmod:poss	its
26	לְמַ֧עַן	לְמַעַן	SCONJ	_	27 אֲנַסּ	mark	so that
27	אֲנַסּ	נָסָה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=1	8 מַמְטִ֥יר	parataxis	I
28	ֶ֛נּוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	27 אֲנַסּ	obj	may put it to the test
29	הֲ	הֲ	PART	_	30 יֵלֵ֥ךְ	advmod	will
30	יֵלֵ֥ךְ	הלך	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	27 אֲנַסּ	parataxis	it walk?
31	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	32 תוֹרָת	case	in
32	תוֹרָת	תּוֹרָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	30 יֵלֵ֥ךְ	obl	law
33	ִ֖י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	32 תוֹרָת	nmod:poss	my
34	אִם־	אִם	SCONJ	_	35 לֹֽא	mark	or?
35	לֹֽא	לֹא	ADV	_	27 אֲנַסּ	parataxis	not
36	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	35 לֹֽא	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh
מַמְטִיר [am] about to rain down	participle active · hiphil	לֶחֶם bread		ְנִי I
יָצָא it will go out	weqatal · qal	עָם people
לָֽקְטוּ they will gather	weqatal · qal	עָם people	דְּבַר־ a matter
not אֲנַסּ I	yiqtol · piel	יְהוָה Yahweh	ֶנּוּ may put it to the test
יֵלֵךְ it walk?	yiqtol · qal	עָם people

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וַאֲמַר יְיָ לְמשֶׁה הָא אֲנָא מָחֵית לְכוֹן לַחְמָא מִן שְׁמַיָא וְיִפְקוּן עַמָא וְיִלְקְטוּן פִּתְגַם יוֹם בְּיוֹמֵהּ בְּדִיל דַאֲנַסִנוּן הַיְהָכוּן בְּאוֹרַיְתִי אִם לָא:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Then said the LORD unto Moses: 'Behold, I will cause to rain bread from heaven for you; and the people shall go out and gather a day's portion every day, that I may prove them, whether they will walk in My law, or not.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EXO:418.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.16.4/