Exodus 18:1 שְׁמוֹת

Who acts: Jethro, God, LORD · What happens: hear, do, bring · To what, where: Israel, Egypt · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Exodus 18:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Jethro, God, LORD — and what happens in the verse to Israel, Egypt, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּשְׁמַ֞ע יִתְר֨וֹ כֹהֵ֤ן מִדְיָן֙ חֹתֵ֣ן מֹשֶׁ֔ה אֵת֩ כָּל־אֲשֶׁ֨ר עָשָׂ֤ה אֱלֹהִים֙ לְמֹשֶׁ֔ה וּלְיִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל עַמּ֑וֹ כִּֽי־הוֹצִ֧יא יְהוָ֛ה אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מִמִּצְרָֽיִם׃

Now Jethro, the priest of Midian, Moses' father-in-law, heard of all that God had done for Moses, and for Israel His people, how that the LORD had brought Israel out of Egypt.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּשְׁמַ֞ע	cc	and
2	יִּשְׁמַ֞ע	שָׁמַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he heard
3	יִתְר֨וֹ	יִתְרוֹ	PROPN	_	2 יִּשְׁמַ֞ע	nsubj	Jethro
4	כֹהֵ֤ן	כֹּהֵן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 יִתְר֨וֹ	appos	the priest
5	מִדְיָן֙	מִדְיָן	PROPN	_	4 כֹהֵ֤ן	compound:smixut	of Midian
6	חֹתֵ֣ן	חֹתֵן	NOUN	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	3 יִתְר֨וֹ	appos	the father-in-law
7	מֹשֶׁ֔ה	מֹשֶׁה	PROPN	_	6 חֹתֵ֣ן	compound:smixut	of Moses
8	אֵת֩	אֵת	ADP	_	9 כָּל־	case	(et)
9	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יִּשְׁמַ֞ע	obj	all
10	אֲשֶׁ֨ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	11 עָשָׂ֤ה	mark	that
11	עָשָׂ֤ה	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	9 כָּל־	acl:relcl	he had done
12	אֱלֹהִים֙	אֱלֹהִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	11 עָשָׂ֤ה	nsubj	God
13	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	14 מֹשֶׁ֔ה	case	for
14	מֹשֶׁ֔ה	מֹשֶׁה	PROPN	_	11 עָשָׂ֤ה	obl	Moses
15	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל	cc	and
16	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	17 יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל	case	for
17	יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	14 מֹשֶׁ֔ה	conj	Israel
18	עַמּ	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל	appos	people
19	֑וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 עַמּ	nmod:poss	his
20	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	21 הוֹצִ֧יא	mark	(dm) that
21	הוֹצִ֧יא	יָצָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּשְׁמַ֞ע	parataxis	he had brought out
22	יְהוָ֛ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	21 הוֹצִ֧יא	nsubj	Yahweh
23	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	24 יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל	case	(et)
24	יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	21 הוֹצִ֧יא	obj	Israel
25	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	26 מִּצְרָֽיִם	case	from
26	מִּצְרָֽיִם	מִצְרַיִם	PROPN	_	21 הוֹצִ֧יא	obl	Egypt
27	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	26 מִּצְרָֽיִם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
יִּשְׁמַע he heard	wayyiqtol · qal	יִתְרוֹ Jethro	כָּל־ all
עָשָׂה he had done	qatal · qal	אֱלֹהִים God	כָּל־ all
הוֹצִיא he had brought out	qatal · hiphil	יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel		יְהוָה Yahweh

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וּשְׁמַע יִתְרוֹ רַבָּא דְמִדְיָן חֲמוּהִי דְמשֶׁה יַת כָּל דִי עֲבַד יְיָ לְמשֶׁה וּלְיִשְׂרָאֵל עַמֵהּ אֲרֵי אַפִּיק יְיָ יָת יִשְׂרָאֵל מִמִצְרָיִם:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Now Jethro, the priest of Midian, Moses' father-in-law, heard of all that God had done for Moses, and for Israel His people, how that the LORD had brought Israel out of Egypt.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EXO:467.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.18.1/