Exodus 23:9 שְׁמוֹת

Who acts: thou, ye · What happens: not oppress, know, see, be · To what, where: stranger, heart, strangers, land · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Exodus 23:9 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, ye — and what happens in the verse to stranger, heart, strangers, land, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְגֵ֖ר לֹ֣א תִלְחָ֑ץ וְאַתֶּ֗ם יְדַעְתֶּם֙ אֶת־נֶ֣פֶשׁ הַגֵּ֔ר כִּֽי־גֵרִ֥ים הֱיִיתֶ֖ם בְּאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃

And a stranger shalt thou not oppress; for ye know the heart of a stranger, seeing ye were strangers in the land of Egypt.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	4 תִלְחָ֑ץ	cc	and
2	גֵ֖ר	גֵּר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 תִלְחָ֑ץ	obj	a sojourner
3	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	4 תִלְחָ֑ץ	advmod	not
4	תִלְחָ֑ץ	לָחַץ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	root	root	you must oppress
5	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 יְדַעְתֶּם֙	cc	and
6	אַתֶּ֗ם	אַתֶּם	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	7 יְדַעְתֶּם֙	nsubj	you
7	יְדַעְתֶּם֙	יָדַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	4 תִלְחָ֑ץ	conj	you have known
8	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	9 נֶ֣פֶשׁ	case	(et)
9	נֶ֣פֶשׁ	נֶפֶשׁ	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 יְדַעְתֶּם֙	obj	the life
10	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	11 גֵּ֔ר	det	of
11	גֵּ֔ר	גֵּר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 נֶ֣פֶשׁ	compound:smixut	the sojourner
12	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	13 גֵרִ֥ים	mark	(dm)
13	גֵרִ֥ים	גֵּר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	4 תִלְחָ֑ץ	advcl	sojourners
14	הֱיִיתֶ֖ם	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	13 גֵרִ֥ים	cop	you were
15	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	16 אֶ֥רֶץ	case	in
16	אֶ֥רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 גֵרִ֥ים	obl	the land
17	מִצְרָֽיִם	מִצְרַיִם	PROPN	_	16 אֶ֥רֶץ	compound:smixut	of Egypt
18	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	17 מִצְרָֽיִם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: request
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes
indirect: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
not תִלְחָץ you must oppress	yiqtol · qal		גֵר a sojourner
יְדַעְתֶּם you have known	qatal · qal	אַתֶּם you	נֶפֶשׁ the life
הֱיִיתֶם you were	qatal · qal

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וְגִיוֹרָא לָא תְעִיקוּן וְאַתּוּן יְדַעְתּוּן יָת נַפְשָׁא דְגִיוֹרָא אֲרֵי דַיָרִין הֲוֵיתוּן בְּאַרְעָא דְמִצְרָיִם:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And a stranger shalt thou not oppress; for ye know the heart of a stranger, seeing ye were strangers in the land of Egypt.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EXO:620.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.23.9/