Exodus 34:30 שְׁמוֹת

Who acts: Aaron, skin, beams · What happens: see, send, be, come · To what, where: Moses, beams, skin

This is Exodus 34:30 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Aaron, skin, beams — and what happens in the verse to Moses, beams, skin, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיַּ֨רְא אַהֲרֹ֜ן וְכָל־בְּנֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ אֶת־מֹשֶׁ֔ה וְהִנֵּ֥ה קָרַ֖ן ע֣וֹר פָּנָ֑יו וַיִּֽירְא֖וּ מִגֶּ֥שֶׁת אֵלָֽיו׃

And when Aaron and all the children of Israel saw Moses, behold, the skin of his face sent forth beams; and they were afraid to come nigh him.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יַּ֨רְא	cc	and
2	יַּ֨רְא	רָאָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he saw
3	אַהֲרֹ֜ן	אַהֲרֹן	PROPN	_	2 יַּ֨רְא	nsubj	Aaron
4	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	5 כָל־	cc	and
5	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 אַהֲרֹ֜ן	conj	all
6	בְּנֵ֤י	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	5 כָל־	compound:smixut	the people
7	יִשְׂרָאֵל֙	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	6 בְּנֵ֤י	compound:smixut	of Israel
8	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	9 מֹשֶׁ֔ה	case	(et)
9	מֹשֶׁ֔ה	מֹשֶׁה	PROPN	_	2 יַּ֨רְא	obj	Moses
10	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	12 קָרַ֖ן	cc	and
11	הִנֵּ֥ה	הִנֵּה	INTJ	_	12 קָרַ֖ן	discourse	there!
12	קָרַ֖ן	קָרַן	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּ֨רְא	conj	it shone
13	ע֣וֹר	עוֹר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 קָרַ֖ן	nsubj	the skin
14	פָּנָ֑י	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 ע֣וֹר	compound:smixut	his face
15	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 פָּנָ֑י	nmod:poss	his
16	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 יִּֽירְא֖וּ	cc	and
17	יִּֽירְא֖וּ	יָרֵא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יַּ֨רְא	conj	they were afraid
18	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	19 גֶּ֥שֶׁת	case	from
19	גֶּ֥שֶׁת	נָגַשׁ	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	17 יִּֽירְא֖וּ	advcl	drawing near
20	אֵלָֽי	אֶל	ADP	_	21 ו	case	to
21	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 גֶּ֥שֶׁת	obl	him
22	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	21 ו	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יַּרְא he saw	wayyiqtol · qal	אַהֲרֹן Aaron + בְּנֵי the people	מֹשֶׁה Moses
קָרַן it shone	qatal · qal	עוֹר the skin
יִּֽירְאוּ they were afraid	wayyiqtol · qal	אַהֲרֹן Aaron + בְּנֵי the people
גֶּשֶׁת drawing near	infinitive construct · qal	אַהֲרֹן Aaron + בְּנֵי the people

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וַחֲזָא אַהֲרֹן וְכָל בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל יָת משֶׁה וְהָא סְגֵי זִיו יְקָרָא דְאַפּוֹהִי וּדְחִילוּ מִלְאִתְקְרְבָא לְוָתֵהּ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And when Aaron and all the children of Israel saw Moses, behold, the skin of his face sent forth beams; and they were afraid to come nigh him.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EXO:993.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.34.30/