Exodus 4:1 שְׁמוֹת

Who acts: Moses, they, lord · What happens: answer, say, not believe, hearken, not appear · To what, where: me · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Exodus 4:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Moses, they, lord — and what happens in the verse to me, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיַּ֤עַן מֹשֶׁה֙ וַיֹּ֔אמֶר וְהֵן֙ לֹֽא־יַאֲמִ֣ינוּ לִ֔י וְלֹ֥א יִשְׁמְע֖וּ בְּקֹלִ֑י כִּ֣י יֹֽאמְר֔וּ לֹֽא־נִרְאָ֥ה אֵלֶ֖יךָ יְהוָֽה׃

And Moses answered and said: 'But, behold, they will not believe me, nor hearken unto my voice; for they will say: The lord hath not appeared unto thee.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יַּ֤עַן	cc	and
2	יַּ֤עַן	עָנָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he answered
3	מֹשֶׁה֙	מֹשֶׁה	PROPN	_	2 יַּ֤עַן	nsubj	Moses
4	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	5 יֹּ֔אמֶר	cc	and
5	יֹּ֔אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יַּ֤עַן	conj	he said
6	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 יַאֲמִ֣ינוּ	cc	and
7	הֵן֙	הֵן	INTJ	_	9 יַאֲמִ֣ינוּ	discourse	here!
8	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	9 יַאֲמִ֣ינוּ	advmod	not
9	יַאֲמִ֣ינוּ	אָמַן	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יַּ֤עַן	conj	they will believe
10	ל	לְ	ADP	_	11 ִ֔י	case	(to)
11	ִ֔י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	9 יַאֲמִ֣ינוּ	obl	me
12	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 יִשְׁמְע֖וּ	cc	and
13	לֹ֥א	לֹא	ADV	_	14 יִשְׁמְע֖וּ	advmod	not
14	יִשְׁמְע֖וּ	שָׁמַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	9 יַאֲמִ֣ינוּ	conj	they will listen
15	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	16 קֹל	case	to
16	קֹל	קוֹל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 יִשְׁמְע֖וּ	obl	voice
17	ִ֑י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	16 קֹל	nmod:poss	my
18	כִּ֣י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	19 יֹֽאמְר֔וּ	mark	(dm)
19	יֹֽאמְר֔וּ	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יַּ֤עַן	advcl	they will say
20	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	21 נִרְאָ֥ה	advmod	not
21	נִרְאָ֥ה	רָאָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	19 יֹֽאמְר֔וּ	ccomp	he appeared
22	אֵלֶ֖י	אֶל	ADP	_	23 ךָ	case	to
23	ךָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	21 נִרְאָ֥ה	obl	you
24	יְהוָֽה	יהוה	PROPN	_	21 נִרְאָ֥ה	nsubj	Yahweh
25	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	24 יְהוָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יַּעַן he answered	wayyiqtol · qal	מֹשֶׁה Moses
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	מֹשֶׁה Moses
not יַאֲמִינוּ they will believe	yiqtol · hiphil
not יִשְׁמְעוּ they will listen	yiqtol · qal
יֹֽאמְרוּ they will say	yiqtol · qal
not נִרְאָה he appeared	qatal · niphal		יְהוָֽה Yahweh

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וַאֲתֵיב משֶׁה וַאֲמַר וְהָא לָא יְהֵמְנוּן לִי וְלָא יְקַבְּלוּן מִנִי אֲרֵי יֵימְרוּן לָא אִתְגְלֵי לָךְ יְיָ:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And Moses answered and said: 'But, behold, they will not believe me, nor hearken unto my voice; for they will say: The lord hath not appeared unto thee.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EXO:69.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.4.1/