Exodus 5:4 שְׁמוֹת

Who acts: king, ye, people, pestilence, your · What happens: say, cause, break, get, work, burden · To what, where: people, you · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Exodus 5:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — king, ye, people, pestilence, your — and what happens in the verse to people, you, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 40 chapters of Exodus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֲלֵהֶם֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ מִצְרַ֔יִם לָ֚מָּה מֹשֶׁ֣ה וְאַהֲרֹ֔ן תַּפְרִ֥יעוּ אֶת־הָעָ֖ם מִמַּֽעֲשָׂ֑יו לְכ֖וּ לְסִבְלֹתֵיכֶֽם׃

And the king of Egypt said unto them: 'Wherefore do ye, Moses and Aaron, cause the people to break loose from their work? get you unto your burdens.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֤אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	אֲל	אֶל	ADP	_	4 ֵהֶם֙	case	to
4	ֵהֶם֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	obl	them
5	מֶ֣לֶךְ	מֶלֶךְ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	nsubj	the king
6	מִצְרַ֔יִם	מִצְרַיִם	PROPN	_	5 מֶ֣לֶךְ	compound:smixut	of Egypt
7	לָ֚	לָמָה	ADP	_	8 מָּה	case
8	מָּה	מָה	PRON	PronType=Int	12 תַּפְרִ֥יעוּ	obl	why?
9	מֹשֶׁ֣ה	מֹשֶׁה	PROPN	_	12 תַּפְרִ֥יעוּ	dislocated	O Moses
10	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 אַהֲרֹ֔ן	cc	and
11	אַהֲרֹ֔ן	אַהֲרֹן	PROPN	_	9 מֹשֶׁ֣ה	conj	Aaron
12	תַּפְרִ֥יעוּ	פָּרַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=2	2 יֹּ֤אמֶר	ccomp	are you causing to refrain
13	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	15 עָ֖ם	case	(et)
14	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	15 עָ֖ם	det	the
15	עָ֖ם	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 תַּפְרִ֥יעוּ	obj	people
16	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	17 מַּֽעֲשָׂ֑י	case	from
17	מַּֽעֲשָׂ֑י	מַעֲשֶׂה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	12 תַּפְרִ֥יעוּ	obl	work(s)
18	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 מַּֽעֲשָׂ֑י	nmod:poss	its
19	לְכ֖וּ	הלך	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	12 תַּפְרִ֥יעוּ	parataxis	go
20	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	21 סִבְלֹתֵי	case	to
21	סִבְלֹתֵי	סִבְלֹות	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	19 לְכ֖וּ	obl	your forced
22	כֶֽם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	21 סִבְלֹתֵי	nmod:poss	labor
23	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	22 כֶֽם	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
indirect: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	who makes it happen (AA)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	מֶלֶךְ the king
תַּפְרִיעוּ are you causing to refrain	yiqtol · hiphil	עָם people	מֹשֶׁה O Moses + אַהֲרֹן Aaron
לְכוּ go	imperative · qal	מֹשֶׁה O Moses + אַהֲרֹן Aaron

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וַאֲמַר לְהוֹן מַלְכָּא דְמִצְרַיִם לְמָא משֶׁה וְאַהֲרֹן תְּבַטְלוּן יָת עַמָא מֵעוֹבָדֵהוֹן אֱזִילוּ לְפָלְחָנְכוֹן:

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And the king of Egypt said unto them: 'Wherefore do ye, Moses and Aaron, cause the people to break loose from their work? get you unto your burdens.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:EXO:103.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.5.4/