Genesis 11:7 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: you, us, language, one · What happens: come, let, go down, confound, not understand, speak · To what, where: us, language, speech · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Genesis 11:7 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, us, language, one — and what happens in the verse to us, language, speech, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

הָ֚בָה נֵֽרְדָ֔ה וְנָבְלָ֥ה שָׁ֖ם שְׂפָתָ֑ם אֲשֶׁר֙ לֹ֣א יִשְׁמְע֔וּ אִ֖ישׁ שְׂפַ֥ת רֵעֵֽהוּ׃

Come, let us go down, and there confound their language, that they may not understand one another's speech.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	הָ֚ב	יָהַב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	root	root	give
2	ָה	ה	X	_	1 הָ֚ב	nmod
3	נֵֽרְדָ֔ה	יָרַד	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=1	1 הָ֚ב	parataxis	let us go down
4	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	5 נָבְלָ֥ה	cc	and
5	נָבְלָ֥ה	בָּלַל	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=1	1 הָ֚ב	conj	let us confuse
6	שָׁ֖ם	שָׁם	ADV	_	5 נָבְלָ֥ה	advmod	there
7	שְׂפָת	שָׂפָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	5 נָבְלָ֥ה	obj	language
8	ָ֑ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 שְׂפָת	nmod:poss	their
9	אֲשֶׁר֙	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	11 יִשְׁמְע֔וּ	mark	that
10	לֹ֣א	לֹא	ADV	_	11 יִשְׁמְע֔וּ	advmod	not
11	יִשְׁמְע֔וּ	שָׁמַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	5 נָבְלָ֥ה	parataxis	they will hear
12	אִ֖ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 יִשְׁמְע֔וּ	obl	each
13	שְׂפַ֥ת	שָׂפָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	11 יִשְׁמְע֔וּ	obj	the language
14	רֵע	רֵעַ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 שְׂפַ֥ת	compound:smixut	his neighbor
15	ֵֽהוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 רֵע	nmod:poss	his
16	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	15 ֵֽהוּ	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	what, whom (A1)
הָב give	imperative · qal
נֵֽרְדָה let us go down	cohortative · qal
נָבְלָה let us confuse	cohortative · qal	שְׂפָת language
not יִשְׁמְעוּ they will hear	yiqtol · qal	שְׂפַת the language

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

הָבוּ נִתְגְּלִי וּנְבַלְבֵּל תַּמָּן לִישָׁנְהוֹן דְּלָא יִשְׁמְעוּן (גְּבַר) אֱנַשׁ לִישָׁן חַבְרֵהּ

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Come, let us go down, and there confound their language, that they may not understand one another's speech.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:273.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.11.7/