Genesis 18:2 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: LORD, three men · What happens: lift up, look, stand over, see, run, meet · To what, where: eyes, men, tent door

This is Genesis 18:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, three men — and what happens in the verse to eyes, men, tent door, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּשָּׂ֤א עֵינָיו֙ וַיַּ֔רְא וְהִנֵּה֙ שְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה אֲנָשִׁ֔ים נִצָּבִ֖ים עָלָ֑יו וַיַּ֗רְא וַיָּ֤רָץ לִקְרָאתָם֙ מִפֶּ֣תַח הָאֹ֔הֶל וַיִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּ אָֽרְצָה׃

and he lifted up his eyes and looked, and, lo, three men stood over against him; and when he saw them, he ran to meet them from the tent door, and bowed down to the earth,

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּשָּׂ֤א	cc	and
2	יִּשָּׂ֤א	נָשָׂא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he lifted up
3	עֵינָי	עַיִן	NOUN	Number=Dual	2 יִּשָּׂ֤א	obj	eyes
4	ו֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 עֵינָי	nmod:poss	his
5	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	6 יַּ֔רְא	cc	and
6	יַּ֔רְא	רָאָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּשָּׂ֤א	conj	he saw
7	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 נִצָּבִ֖ים	cc	and
8	הִנֵּה֙	הִנֵּה	INTJ	_	11 נִצָּבִ֖ים	discourse	there!
9	שְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה	שָׁלֹשׁ	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 אֲנָשִׁ֔ים	nummod	three
10	אֲנָשִׁ֔ים	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	11 נִצָּבִ֖ים	nsubj	men
11	נִצָּבִ֖ים	נָצַב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur	2 יִּשָּׂ֤א	conj	[were] standing
12	עָלָ֑י	עַל	ADP	_	13 ו	case	with
13	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 נִצָּבִ֖ים	obl	him
14	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 יַּ֗רְא	cc	and
15	יַּ֗רְא	רָאָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּשָּׂ֤א	conj	he saw
16	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 יָּ֤רָץ	cc	and
17	יָּ֤רָץ	רוּץ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	15 יַּ֗רְא	conj	he ran
18	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	19 קְרָאת	case	to
19	קְרָאת	קרא	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	17 יָּ֤רָץ	advcl	meet
20	ָם֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 קְרָאת	obj	them
21	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	22 פֶּ֣תַח	case	from
22	פֶּ֣תַח	פֶּתַח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	17 יָּ֤רָץ	obl	the opening
23	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	24 אֹ֔הֶל	det	of
24	אֹ֔הֶל	אֹהֶל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	22 פֶּ֣תַח	compound:smixut	the tent
25	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	26 יִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּ	cc	and
26	יִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּ	חוה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HITHPAEL Number=Sing Person=3	15 יַּ֗רְא	conj	he bowed down
27	אָֽרְצ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 יִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּ	obl	ground
28	ָה	ה	X	_	27 אָֽרְצ	nmod	to [the]
29	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	28 ָה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יִּשָּׂא he lifted up	wayyiqtol · qal		עֵינָי eyes
יַּרְא he saw	wayyiqtol · qal
נִצָּבִים [were] standing	participle active · niphal	אֲנָשִׁים men
יַּרְא he saw	wayyiqtol · qal		אֲנָשִׁים men
יָּרָץ he ran	wayyiqtol · qal
קְרָאת meet	infinitive construct · qal		ָם them
יִּשְׁתַּחוּ he bowed down	wayyiqtol · hithpael

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וּזְקַף עֵינוֹהִי וַחֲזָא וְהָא תְּלָתָא גֻּבְרִין (נ''י גַּבְרִין) קָיְמִין עִלָּווֹהִי וַחֲזָא וּרְהַט לְקַדָּמוּתְהוֹן מִתְּרַע מַשְׁכְּנָא וּסְגִיד עַל אַרְעָא

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

and he lifted up his eyes and looked, and, lo, three men stood over against him; and when he saw them, he ran to meet them from the tent door, and bowed down to the earth,

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:426.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.18.2/