Genesis 18:23 בְּרֵאשִׁית
Who acts: Abraham, Thou · What happens: draw, say, sweep away · To what, where: righteous · Speech: someone speaks in this verse
This is Genesis 18:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Abraham, Thou — and what happens in the verse to righteous, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
וַיִּגַּ֥שׁ אַבְרָהָ֖ם וַיֹּאמַ֑ר הַאַ֣ף תִּסְפֶּ֔ה צַדִּ֖יק עִם־רָשָֽׁע׃
And Abraham drew near, and said: 'Wilt Thou indeed sweep away the righteous with the wicked?
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | וַ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 2 יִּגַּ֥שׁ | cc | and |
| 2 | יִּגַּ֥שׁ | נָגַשׁ | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | root | root | he drew near |
| 3 | אַבְרָהָ֖ם | אַבְרָהָם | PROPN | _ | 2 יִּגַּ֥שׁ | nsubj | Abraham |
| 4 | וַ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 5 יֹּאמַ֑ר | cc | and |
| 5 | יֹּאמַ֑ר | אָמַר | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 2 יִּגַּ֥שׁ | conj | he said |
| 6 | הַ | הֲ | PART | _ | 8 תִּסְפֶּ֔ה | advmod | ? |
| 7 | אַ֣ף | אַף | ADV | _ | 8 תִּסְפֶּ֔ה | advmod | also |
| 8 | תִּסְפֶּ֔ה | סָפָה | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2 | 5 יֹּאמַ֑ר | ccomp | will you sweep away |
| 9 | צַדִּ֖יק | צַדִּיק | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 8 תִּסְפֶּ֔ה | obj | [the] righteous |
| 10 | עִם־ | עִם | ADP | _ | 11 רָשָֽׁע | case | with |
| 11 | רָשָֽׁע | רָשָׁע | ADJ | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 8 תִּסְפֶּ֔ה | obl | [the] wicked |
| 12 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 11 רָשָֽׁע | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- yes/no question
- act
- ask
- voice
- character
- speech
- a frame and its quote
- negation
- no
- indirect
- yes
- the frame alone
- decl · narrate · none
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| יִּגַּשׁ he drew near | wayyiqtol · qal | אַבְרָהָם Abraham | |||
| יֹּאמַר he said | wayyiqtol · qal | אַבְרָהָם Abraham | |||
| תִּסְפֶּה will you sweep away | yiqtol · qal | צַדִּיק [the] righteous |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Onkelos
וּקְרֵב אַבְרָהָם וַאֲמָר הֲבִרְגַז תְּשֵׁיצֵי זַכָּאָה עִם חַיָּבָא
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:447.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.18.23/