Genesis 18:8 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: Abraham, curd · What happens: take, dress, set, stand, eat · To what, where: curd, calf, tree

This is Genesis 18:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Abraham, curd — and what happens in the verse to curd, calf, tree, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּקַּ֨ח חֶמְאָ֜ה וְחָלָ֗ב וּבֶן־הַבָּקָר֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשָׂ֔ה וַיִּתֵּ֖ן לִפְנֵיהֶ֑ם וְהֽוּא־עֹמֵ֧ד עֲלֵיהֶ֛ם תַּ֥חַת הָעֵ֖ץ וַיֹּאכֵֽלוּ׃

And he took curd, and milk, and the calf which he had dressed, and set it before them; and he stood by them under the tree, and they did eat.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּקַּ֨ח	cc	and
2	יִּקַּ֨ח	לָקַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he brought
3	חֶמְאָ֜ה	חֶמְאָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	2 יִּקַּ֨ח	obj	curd[s]
4	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	5 חָלָ֗ב	cc	and
5	חָלָ֗ב	חָלָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 חֶמְאָ֜ה	conj	milk
6	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 בֶן־	cc	and
7	בֶן־	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 חֶמְאָ֜ה	conj	the young one
8	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	9 בָּקָר֙	det	of
9	בָּקָר֙	בָּקָר	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 בֶן־	compound:smixut	the herd
10	אֲשֶׁ֣ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	11 עָשָׂ֔ה	mark	which
11	עָשָׂ֔ה	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	7 בֶן־	acl:relcl	he had prepared
12	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 יִּתֵּ֖ן	cc	and
13	יִּתֵּ֖ן	נָתַן	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּקַּ֨ח	conj	he set [it]
14	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	15 פְנֵי	case	before
15	פְנֵי	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 יִּתֵּ֖ן	obl
16	הֶ֑ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 פְנֵי	nmod:poss	them
17	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	19 עֹמֵ֧ד	cc	and
18	הֽוּא־	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 עֹמֵ֧ד	nsubj	he
19	עֹמֵ֧ד	עָמַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	2 יִּקַּ֨ח	conj	[was] standing
20	עֲלֵי	עַל	ADP	_	21 הֶ֛ם	case	with
21	הֶ֛ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 עֹמֵ֧ד	obl	them
22	תַּ֥חַת	תַּחַת	NOUN	_	19 עֹמֵ֧ד	obl	under
23	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	24 עֵ֖ץ	det	the
24	עֵ֖ץ	עֵץ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	22 תַּ֥חַת	compound:smixut	tree
25	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	26 יֹּאכֵֽלוּ	cc	and
26	יֹּאכֵֽלוּ	אָכַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּקַּ֨ח	conj	they ate
27	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	26 יֹּאכֵֽלוּ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יִּקַּח he brought	wayyiqtol · qal		חֶמְאָה curd[s] + חָלָב milk + בֶן־ the young one
עָשָׂה he had prepared	qatal · qal		בֶן־ the young one
יִּתֵּן he set [it]	wayyiqtol · qal		חֶמְאָה curd[s] + חָלָב milk + בֶן־ the young one
עֹמֵד [was] standing	participle active · qal	הֽוּא־ he
יֹּאכֵֽלוּ they ate	wayyiqtol · qal		חֶמְאָה curd[s] + חָלָב milk + בֶן־ the young one

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וּנְסִיב שְׁמַן וַחֲלָב וּבַר תּוֹרֵי דִּי עֲבַד וִיהַב קֳדָמֵיהוֹן וְהוּא מְשַׁמֵּשׁ עִלָּוֵיהוֹן תְּחוֹת אִילָנָא וַאֲכָלוּ

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And he took curd, and milk, and the calf which he had dressed, and set it before them; and he stood by them under the tree, and they did eat.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:432.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.18.8/