Genesis 2:4 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: These, LORD God · What happens: be, create, make · To what, where: generations, heaven, day

This is Genesis 2:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — These, LORD God — and what happens in the verse to generations, heaven, day, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

אֵ֣לֶּה תוֹלְד֧וֹת הַשָּׁמַ֛יִם וְהָאָ֖רֶץ בְּהִבָּֽרְאָ֑ם בְּי֗וֹם עֲשׂ֛וֹת יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהִ֖ים אֶ֥רֶץ וְשָׁמָֽיִם׃

These are the generations of the heaven and of the earth when they were created, in the day that the LORD God made earth and heaven.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	אֵ֣לֶּה	אֵלֶּה	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur PronType=Dem	2 תוֹלְד֧וֹת	nsubj	these
2	תוֹלְד֧וֹת	תּוֹלֵדוֹת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	root	root	[are] the accounts
3	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	4 שָּׁמַ֛יִם	det	of
4	שָּׁמַ֛יִם	שָׁמַיִם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 תוֹלְד֧וֹת	compound:smixut	the heavens
5	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 אָ֖רֶץ	cc	and
6	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	7 אָ֖רֶץ	det	the
7	אָ֖רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 שָּׁמַ֛יִם	conj	earth
8	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	9 הִבָּֽרְא	case	when
9	הִבָּֽרְא	בָּרָא	VERB	HebBinyan=NIPHAL	2 תוֹלְד֧וֹת	advcl	they
10	ָ֑ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 הִבָּֽרְא	nsubj	were created
11	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	12 י֗וֹם	case	on
12	י֗וֹם	יוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 תוֹלְד֧וֹת	obl	the day
13	עֲשׂ֛וֹת	עָשָׂה	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	12 י֗וֹם	acl	made
14	יְהוָ֥ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	13 עֲשׂ֛וֹת	nsubj	Yahweh
15	אֱלֹהִ֖ים	אֱלֹהִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	14 יְהוָ֥ה	appos	God
16	אֶ֥רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 עֲשׂ֛וֹת	obj	earth
17	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 שָׁמָֽיִם	cc	and
18	שָׁמָֽיִם	שָׁמַיִם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	16 אֶ֥רֶץ	conj	heaven
19	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	18 שָׁמָֽיִם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
הִבָּֽרְא they	infinitive construct · niphal		ָם were created
עֲשׂוֹת made	infinitive construct · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh	אֶרֶץ earth + שָׁמָֽיִם heaven

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

אִלֵּין תּוּלְדַת שְׁמַיָּא וְאַרְעָא כַּד אִתְבְּרִיאוּ בְּיוֹמָא דִּי עֲבַד יְיָ אֱלֹהִים אַרְעָא וּשְׁמַיָּא

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

These are the generations of the heaven and of the earth when they were created, in the day that the LORD God made earth and heaven.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:34.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.2.4/