Genesis 20:2 בְּרֵאשִׁית
Who acts: Abraham, wife, Abimelech king · What happens: say, be, send, take · To what, where: sister, Sarah · Speech: someone speaks in this verse
This is Genesis 20:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Abraham, wife, Abimelech king — and what happens in the verse to sister, Sarah, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
וַיֹּ֧אמֶר אַבְרָהָ֛ם אֶל־שָׂרָ֥ה אִשְׁתּ֖וֹ אֲחֹ֣תִי הִ֑וא וַיִּשְׁלַ֗ח אֲבִימֶ֙לֶךְ֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ גְּרָ֔ר וַיִּקַּ֖ח אֶת־שָׂרָֽה׃
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | וַ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 2 יֹּ֧אמֶר | cc | and |
| 2 | יֹּ֧אמֶר | אָמַר | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | root | root | he said |
| 3 | אַבְרָהָ֛ם | אַבְרָהָם | PROPN | _ | 2 יֹּ֧אמֶר | nsubj | Abraham |
| 4 | אֶל־ | אֶל | ADP | _ | 5 שָׂרָ֥ה | case | concerning |
| 5 | שָׂרָ֥ה | שָׂרָה | PROPN | _ | 2 יֹּ֧אמֶר | obl | Sarah |
| 6 | אִשְׁתּ | אִשָּׁה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 5 שָׂרָ֥ה | appos | wife |
| 7 | ֖וֹ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 אִשְׁתּ | nmod:poss | his |
| 8 | אֲחֹ֣ת | אָחוֹת | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 2 יֹּ֧אמֶר | ccomp | sister |
| 9 | ִי | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 8 אֲחֹ֣ת | nmod:poss | [is] my |
| 10 | הִ֑וא | הִיא | PRON | Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 אֲחֹ֣ת | nsubj | she |
| 11 | וַ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 12 יִּשְׁלַ֗ח | cc | and |
| 12 | יִּשְׁלַ֗ח | שָׁלַח | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 2 יֹּ֧אמֶר | conj | he sent |
| 13 | אֲבִימֶ֙לֶךְ֙ | אֲבִימֶלֶךְ | PROPN | _ | 12 יִּשְׁלַ֗ח | nsubj | Abimelech |
| 14 | מֶ֣לֶךְ | מֶלֶךְ | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 13 אֲבִימֶ֙לֶךְ֙ | appos | the king |
| 15 | גְּרָ֔ר | גְּרָר | PROPN | _ | 14 מֶ֣לֶךְ | compound:smixut | of Gerar |
| 16 | וַ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 17 יִּקַּ֖ח | cc | and |
| 17 | יִּקַּ֖ח | לָקַח | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 2 יֹּ֧אמֶר | conj | he took |
| 18 | אֶת־ | אֵת | ADP | _ | 19 שָׂרָֽה | case | (et) |
| 19 | שָׂרָֽה | שָׂרָה | PROPN | _ | 17 יִּקַּ֖ח | obj | Sarah |
| 20 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 19 שָׂרָֽה | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- a frame and its quote
- negation
- no
- the frame alone
- decl · narrate · none
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| יֹּאמֶר he said | wayyiqtol · qal | אַבְרָהָם Abraham | |||
| יִּשְׁלַח he sent | wayyiqtol · qal | אֲבִימֶלֶךְ Abimelech | |||
| יִּקַּח he took | wayyiqtol · qal | אֲבִימֶלֶךְ Abimelech | שָׂרָֽה Sarah |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Onkelos
וַאֲמַר אַבְרָהָם עַל שָׂרָה אִתְּתֵהּ אֲחָתִי הִיא וּשְׁלַח אֲבִימֶלֶךְ מַלְכָּא דִּגְרָר וּדְבַר יָת שָׂרָה
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:497.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.20.2/