Genesis 21:20 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: God · What happens: be, grow, dwell, become · To what, where: wilderness, archer

This is Genesis 21:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — God — and what happens in the verse to wilderness, archer, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיְהִ֧י אֱלֹהִ֛ים אֶת־הַנַּ֖עַר וַיִּגְדָּ֑ל וַיֵּ֙שֶׁב֙ בַּמִּדְבָּ֔ר וַיְהִ֖י רֹבֶ֥ה קַשָּֽׁת׃

And God was with the lad, and he grew; and he dwelt in the wilderness, and became an archer.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יְהִ֧י	cc	and
2	יְהִ֧י	הָיָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he was
3	אֱלֹהִ֛ים	אֱלֹהִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יְהִ֧י	nsubj	God
4	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	6 נַּ֖עַר	case	with
5	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	6 נַּ֖עַר	det	the
6	נַּ֖עַר	נַעַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יְהִ֧י	obl	lad
7	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 יִּגְדָּ֑ל	cc	and
8	יִּגְדָּ֑ל	גָּדַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְהִ֧י	conj	he grew up
9	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 יֵּ֙שֶׁב֙	cc	and
10	יֵּ֙שֶׁב֙	יָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְהִ֧י	conj	he dwelt
11	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	13 מִּדְבָּ֔ר	case	in
12	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	13 מִּדְבָּ֔ר	det	the
13	מִּדְבָּ֔ר	מִדְבָּר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 יֵּ֙שֶׁב֙	obl	wilderness
14	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 רֹבֶ֥ה	cc	and
15	יְהִ֖י	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	16 רֹבֶ֥ה	cop	he was
16	רֹבֶ֥ה	רָבָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	2 יְהִ֧י	conj	a shooter
17	קַשָּֽׁת	קַשָּׁת	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 רֹבֶ֥ה	obj	a bowman
18	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	17 קַשָּֽׁת	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יְהִי he was	wayyiqtol · qal	אֱלֹהִים God
יִּגְדָּל he grew up	wayyiqtol · qal	נַּעַר lad
יֵּשֶׁב he dwelt	wayyiqtol · qal	נַּעַר lad
יְהִי he was	wayyiqtol · qal	נַּעַר lad
רֹבֶה a shooter	participle active · qal	נַּעַר lad	קַשָּֽׁת a bowman

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וַהֲוָה מֵימְרָא דַּיְיָ בְּסַעְדֵהּ דְּרַבְיָא וּרְבָא וִיתֵב בְּמַדְבְּרָא וַהֲוָה רָבֵי קַשְׁתָּא

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And God was with the lad, and he grew; and he dwelt in the wilderness, and became an archer.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:533.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.21.20/