Genesis 25:27 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: boys, Esau, Jacob, quiet man · What happens: grow, be, dwell · To what, where: cunning hunter, quiet man, tents

This is Genesis 25:27 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — boys, Esau, Jacob, quiet man — and what happens in the verse to cunning hunter, quiet man, tents, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַֽיִּגְדְּלוּ֙ הַנְּעָרִ֔ים וַיְהִ֣י עֵשָׂ֗ו אִ֛ישׁ יֹדֵ֥עַ צַ֖יִד אִ֣ישׁ שָׂדֶ֑ה וְיַעֲקֹב֙ אִ֣ישׁ תָּ֔ם יֹשֵׁ֖ב אֹהָלִֽים׃

And the boys grew; and Esau was a cunning hunter, a man of the field; and Jacob was a quiet man, dwelling in tents.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּגְדְּלוּ֙	cc	and
2	יִּגְדְּלוּ֙	גָּדַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they grew up
3	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	4 נְּעָרִ֔ים	det	the
4	נְּעָרִ֔ים	נַעַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יִּגְדְּלוּ֙	nsubj	lads
5	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 אִ֛ישׁ	cc	and
6	יְהִ֣י	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	8 אִ֛ישׁ	cop	he was
7	עֵשָׂ֗ו	עֵשָׂו	PROPN	_	8 אִ֛ישׁ	nsubj	Esau
8	אִ֛ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יִּגְדְּלוּ֙	conj	a man
9	יֹדֵ֥עַ	יָדַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	8 אִ֛ישׁ	acl:relcl	[who] knew
10	צַ֖יִד	צַיִד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 יֹדֵ֥עַ	obj	hunting
11	אִ֣ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 אִ֛ישׁ	appos	a man
12	שָׂדֶ֑ה	שָׂדֶה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 אִ֣ישׁ	compound:smixut	of [the] open country
13	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 יַעֲקֹב֙	cc	and
14	יַעֲקֹב֙	יַעֲקֹב	PROPN	_	8 אִ֛ישׁ	conj	Jacob
15	אִ֣ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 יַעֲקֹב֙	obj	[was] a man
16	תָּ֔ם	תָּם	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 אִ֣ישׁ	amod	quiet
17	יֹשֵׁ֖ב	יָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	15 אִ֣ישׁ	acl:relcl	[who] dwelt
18	אֹהָלִֽים	אֹהֶל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	17 יֹשֵׁ֖ב	obl	tents
19	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	18 אֹהָלִֽים	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יִּגְדְּלוּ they grew up	wayyiqtol · qal	נְּעָרִים lads
יְהִי he was	wayyiqtol · qal	עֵשָׂו Esau
יֹדֵעַ [who] knew	participle active · qal	אִישׁ a man	צַיִד hunting
יֹשֵׁב [who] dwelt	participle active · qal	אִישׁ [was] a man

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וּרְבִיוּ עוּלֵמַיָּא וַהֲוָה עֵשָׂו גְבַר נַחְשִׁירְכָן גְבַר נָפֵק לְחַקְלָא וְיַעֲקֹב גְבַר שְׁלִים מְשַׁמֵשׁ בֵּית אוּלְפָנָא

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And the boys grew; and Esau was a cunning hunter, a man of the field; and Jacob was a quiet man, dwelling in tents.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:685.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.25.27/