Genesis 25:34 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: Jacob, Esau · What happens: give, eat, drink, rise up, go, despise · To what, where: bread, Esau, way, birthright

This is Genesis 25:34 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Jacob, Esau — and what happens in the verse to bread, Esau, way, birthright, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְיַעֲקֹ֞ב נָתַ֣ן לְעֵשָׂ֗ו לֶ֚חֶם וּנְזִ֣יד עֲדָשִׁ֔ים וַיֹּ֣אכַל וַיֵּ֔שְׁתְּ וַיָּ֖קָם וַיֵּלַ֑ךְ וַיִּ֥בֶז עֵשָׂ֖ו אֶת־הַבְּכֹרָֽה׃ס

And Jacob gave Esau bread and pottage of lentils; and he did eat and drink, and rose up, and went his way. So Esau despised his birthright.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	3 נָתַ֣ן	cc	and
2	יַעֲקֹ֞ב	יַעֲקֹב	PROPN	_	3 נָתַ֣ן	nsubj	Jacob
3	נָתַ֣ן	נָתַן	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he gave
4	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	5 עֵשָׂ֗ו	case	to
5	עֵשָׂ֗ו	עֵשָׂו	PROPN	_	3 נָתַ֣ן	obl	Esau
6	לֶ֚חֶם	לֶחֶם	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 נָתַ֣ן	obj	bread
7	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 נְזִ֣יד	cc	and
8	נְזִ֣יד	נָזִיד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 לֶ֚חֶם	conj	cooked food
9	עֲדָשִׁ֔ים	עֲדָשָׁה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	8 נְזִ֣יד	compound:smixut	of lentils
10	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 יֹּ֣אכַל	cc	and
11	יֹּ֣אכַל	אָכַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 נָתַ֣ן	conj	he ate
12	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 יֵּ֔שְׁתְּ	cc	and
13	יֵּ֔שְׁתְּ	שָׁתָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	11 יֹּ֣אכַל	conj	he drank
14	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 יָּ֖קָם	cc	and
15	יָּ֖קָם	קוּם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 נָתַ֣ן	conj	he arose
16	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 יֵּלַ֑ךְ	cc	and
17	יֵּלַ֑ךְ	הלך	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	15 יָּ֖קָם	conj	he went
18	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	19 יִּ֥בֶז	cc	and
19	יִּ֥בֶז	בָּזָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 נָתַ֣ן	conj	he despised
20	עֵשָׂ֖ו	עֵשָׂו	PROPN	_	19 יִּ֥בֶז	nsubj	Esau
21	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	23 בְּכֹרָֽה	case	(et)
22	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	23 בְּכֹרָֽה	det	the
23	בְּכֹרָֽה	בְּכֹרָה	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 יִּ֥בֶז	obj	birthright
24	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	23 בְּכֹרָֽה	punct
25	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	23 בְּכֹרָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
נָתַן he gave	qatal · qal	יַעֲקֹב Jacob	לֶחֶם bread + נְזִיד cooked food
יֹּאכַל he ate	wayyiqtol · qal	עֵשָׂו Esau	לֶחֶם bread
יֵּשְׁתְּ he drank	wayyiqtol · qal	עֵשָׂו Esau	נְזִיד cooked food
יָּקָם he arose	wayyiqtol · qal	עֵשָׂו Esau
יֵּלַךְ he went	wayyiqtol · qal	עֵשָׂו Esau
יִּבֶז he despised	wayyiqtol · qal	עֵשָׂו Esau	בְּכֹרָֽה birthright

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וְיַעֲקֹב יְהַב לְעֵשָׂו לְחֵם וְתַבְשִׁיל דִּטְלוֹפְחִין וַאֲכַל וּשְׁתִי וְקָם וַאֲזָל וְשָׁט עֵשָׂו יָת בְּכֵרוּתָא

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:692.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.25.34/