Genesis 31:46 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: Jacob, brethren · What happens: say, gather, take, make, eat · To what, where: stones, heap · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Genesis 31:46 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Jacob, brethren — and what happens in the verse to stones, heap, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יַעֲקֹ֤ב לְאֶחָיו֙ לִקְט֣וּ אֲבָנִ֔ים וַיִּקְח֥וּ אֲבָנִ֖ים וַיַּֽעֲשׂוּ־גָ֑ל וַיֹּ֥אכְלוּ שָׁ֖ם עַל־הַגָּֽל׃

And Jacob said unto his brethren: 'Gather stones'; and they took stones, and made a heap. And they did eat there by the heap.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֨אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	יַעֲקֹ֤ב	יַעֲקֹב	PROPN	_	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	nsubj	Jacob
4	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	5 אֶחָי	case	to
5	אֶחָי	אָח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	obl	relatives
6	ו֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 אֶחָי	nmod:poss	his
7	לִקְט֣וּ	לָקַט	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	ccomp	gather
8	אֲבָנִ֔ים	אֶבֶן	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	7 לִקְט֣וּ	obj	stones
9	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 יִּקְח֥וּ	cc	and
10	יִּקְח֥וּ	לָקַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	conj	they took
11	אֲבָנִ֖ים	אֶבֶן	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	10 יִּקְח֥וּ	obj	stones
12	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 יַּֽעֲשׂוּ־	cc	and
13	יַּֽעֲשׂוּ־	עָשָׂה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	conj	they made
14	גָ֑ל	גַּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 יַּֽעֲשׂוּ־	obj	a heap
15	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 יֹּ֥אכְלוּ	cc	and
16	יֹּ֥אכְלוּ	אָכַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יֹּ֨אמֶר	conj	they ate
17	שָׁ֖ם	שָׁם	ADV	_	16 יֹּ֥אכְלוּ	advmod	there
18	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	20 גָּֽל	case	at
19	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	20 גָּֽל	det	the
20	גָּֽל	גַּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 יֹּ֥אכְלוּ	obl	heap
21	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	20 גָּֽל	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal	יַעֲקֹב Jacob
לִקְטוּ gather	imperative · qal	אֶחָי relatives	אֲבָנִים stones
יִּקְחוּ they took	wayyiqtol · qal	אֶחָי relatives	אֲבָנִים stones
יַּֽעֲשׂוּ־ they made	wayyiqtol · qal	אֶחָי relatives	גָל a heap
יֹּאכְלוּ they ate	wayyiqtol · qal	אֶחָי relatives + יַעֲקֹב Jacob

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וַאֲמַר יַעֲקֹב לַאֲחוֹהִי לְקוּטוּ אַבְנִין וּנְסִיבוּ אַבְנִין וַעֲבָדוּ דְּגוֹרָא וַאֲכָלוּ תַמָּן עַל דְּגוֹרָא

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:919.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.31.46/