Genesis 37:24 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: brethren, pit, water · What happens: take, cast, be · To what, where: Joseph, pit, hand

This is Genesis 37:24 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — brethren, pit, water — and what happens in the verse to Joseph, pit, hand, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּ֨קָּחֻ֔הוּ וַיַּשְׁלִ֥כוּ אֹת֖וֹ הַבֹּ֑רָה וְהַבּ֣וֹר רֵ֔ק אֵ֥ין בּ֖וֹ מָֽיִם׃

and they took him, and cast him into the pit — and the pit was empty, there was no water in it.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּ֨קָּחֻ֔	cc	and
2	יִּ֨קָּחֻ֔	לָקַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they
3	הוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 יִּ֨קָּחֻ֔	obj	took him
4	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	5 יַּשְׁלִ֥כוּ	cc	and
5	יַּשְׁלִ֥כוּ	שָׁלַךְ	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּ֨קָּחֻ֔	conj	they threw
6	אֹת	אֵת	ADP	_	7 ֖וֹ	case
7	֖וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 יַּשְׁלִ֥כוּ	obj	him
8	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	9 בֹּ֑ר	det	to
9	בֹּ֑ר	בּוֹר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	5 יַּשְׁלִ֥כוּ	obl	the
10	ָה	ה	X	_	9 בֹּ֑ר	nmod	pit
11	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 רֵ֔ק	cc	and
12	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	13 בּ֣וֹר	det	the
13	בּ֣וֹר	בּוֹר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 רֵ֔ק	nsubj	pit
14	רֵ֔ק	רֵיק	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יִּ֨קָּחֻ֔	conj	[was] empty
15	אֵ֥ין	אַיִן	ADV	_	2 יִּ֨קָּחֻ֔	parataxis	there [was] not
16	בּ	בְּ	ADP	_	17 ֖וֹ	case	in
17	֖וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 אֵ֥ין	obl	it
18	מָֽיִם	מַיִם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	15 אֵ֥ין	nsubj	water
19	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	18 מָֽיִם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
not יִּקָּחֻ they	wayyiqtol · qal		הוּ took him
יַּשְׁלִכוּ they threw	wayyiqtol · hiphil	וֹ him

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וְנָסְבוּהִי וּרְמוֹ יָתֵהּ לְגֻבָּא וְגֻבָּא רֵיקָא לֵית בֵּהּ מַיָּא

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

and they took him, and cast him into the pit — and the pit was empty, there was no water in it.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:1107.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.37.24/