Genesis 37:35 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: sons, Jacob, I, father · What happens: rise up, comfort, refuse, not comfort, say, go down · To what, where: Jacob · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Genesis 37:35 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — sons, Jacob, I, father — and what happens in the verse to Jacob, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיָּקֻמוּ֩ כָל־בָּנָ֨יו וְכָל־בְּנֹתָ֜יו לְנַחֲמ֗וֹ וַיְמָאֵן֙ לְהִתְנַחֵ֔ם וַיֹּ֕אמֶר כִּֽי־אֵרֵ֧ד אֶל־בְּנִ֛י אָבֵ֖ל שְׁאֹ֑לָה וַיֵּ֥בְךְּ אֹת֖וֹ אָבִֽיו׃

And all his sons and all his daughters rose up to comfort him; but he refused to be comforted; and he said: 'Nay, but I will go down to the grave to my son mourning.' And his father wept for him.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יָּקֻמוּ֩	cc	and
2	יָּקֻמוּ֩	קוּם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they arose
3	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יָּקֻמוּ֩	nsubj	all
4	בָּנָ֨י	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	3 כָל־	compound:smixut	sons
5	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 בָּנָ֨י	nmod:poss	his
6	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 כָל־	cc	and
7	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 כָל־	conj	all
8	בְּנֹתָ֜י	בַּת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Plur	7 כָל־	compound:smixut	daughters
9	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 בְּנֹתָ֜י	nmod:poss	his
10	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	11 נַחֲמ	case	to
11	נַחֲמ	נָחַם	VERB	HebBinyan=PIEL	2 יָּקֻמוּ֩	advcl	comfort
12	֗וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 נַחֲמ	obj	him
13	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 יְמָאֵן֙	cc	and
14	יְמָאֵן֙	מָאֵן	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יָּקֻמוּ֩	conj	he refused
15	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	16 הִתְנַחֵ֔ם	case	to
16	הִתְנַחֵ֔ם	נָחַם	VERB	HebBinyan=HITHPAEL	14 יְמָאֵן֙	xcomp	be comforted
17	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	18 יֹּ֕אמֶר	cc	and
18	יֹּ֕אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יָּקֻמוּ֩	conj	he said
19	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	20 אֵרֵ֧ד	mark	(dm)
20	אֵרֵ֧ד	יָרַד	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	2 יָּקֻמוּ֩	advcl	I will go down
21	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	22 בְּנ	case	to
22	בְּנ	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 אֵרֵ֧ד	obl	son
23	ִ֛י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	22 בְּנ	nmod:poss	my
24	אָבֵ֖ל	אָבֵל	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 אֵרֵ֧ד	advmod	mourning
25	שְׁאֹ֑ל	שְׁאוֹל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 אֵרֵ֧ד	obl	Sheol
26	ָה	ה	X	_	25 שְׁאֹ֑ל	nmod	to
27	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	28 יֵּ֥בְךְּ	cc	and
28	יֵּ֥בְךְּ	בָּכָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יָּקֻמוּ֩	conj	he wept for
29	אֹת	אֵת	ADP	_	30 ֖וֹ	case
30	֖וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 יֵּ֥בְךְּ	obj	him
31	אָבִֽי	אָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	28 יֵּ֥בְךְּ	nsubj	father
32	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	31 אָבִֽי	nmod:poss	his
33	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	32 ו	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: speech with no frame
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יָּקֻמוּ they arose	wayyiqtol · qal	בָּנָי sons + בְּנֹתָי daughters
נַחֲמ comfort	infinitive construct · piel	בָּנָי sons + בְּנֹתָי daughters	וֹ him
יְמָאֵן he refused	wayyiqtol · piel
הִתְנַחֵם be comforted	infinitive construct · hithpael
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal
אֵרֵד I will go down	yiqtol · qal
יֵּבְךְּ he wept for	wayyiqtol · qal	אָבִֽי father	וֹ him

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וְקָמוּ כָל בְּנוֹהִי וְכָל בְּנָתֵהּ לְנַחֲמוּתֵהּ וְסָרֵיב לְקַבָּלָא תַנְחוּמִין וַאֲמַר אֲרֵי אֵחוֹת לְוַת (עַל) בְּרִי כַּד אֲבֵילָא לִשְׁאוֹל וּבְכָא יָתֵהּ אֲבוּהִי

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And all his sons and all his daughters rose up to comfort him; but he refused to be comforted; and he said: 'Nay, but I will go down to the grave to my son mourning.' And his father wept for him.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:1118.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.37.35/