Genesis 37:4 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: brethren, father · What happens: see, love, hate, not speak · To what, where: Joseph · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Genesis 37:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — brethren, father — and what happens in the verse to Joseph, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיִּרְא֣וּ אֶחָ֗יו כִּֽי־אֹת֞וֹ אָהַ֤ב אֲבִיהֶם֙ מִכָּל־אֶחָ֔יו וַֽיִּשְׂנְא֖וּ אֹת֑וֹ וְלֹ֥א יָכְל֖וּ דַּבְּר֥וֹ לְשָׁלֹֽם׃

And when his brethren saw that their father loved him more than all his brethren, they hated him, and could not speak peaceably unto him.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יִּרְא֣וּ	cc	and
2	יִּרְא֣וּ	רָאָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they saw
3	אֶחָ֗י	אָח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	2 יִּרְא֣וּ	nsubj	brothers
4	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 אֶחָ֗י	nmod:poss	his
5	כִּֽי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	8 אָהַ֤ב	mark	(dm) that
6	אֹת	אֵת	ADP	_	7 ֞וֹ	case
7	֞וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 אָהַ֤ב	obj	him
8	אָהַ֤ב	אָהֵב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יִּרְא֣וּ	ccomp	he loved
9	אֲבִי	אָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 אָהַ֤ב	nsubj	father
10	הֶם֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 אֲבִי	nmod:poss	their
11	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	12 כָּל־	case	more
12	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 אָהַ֤ב	obl	than all
13	אֶחָ֔י	אָח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	12 כָּל־	compound:smixut	brothers
14	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 אֶחָ֔י	nmod:poss	his
15	וַֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 יִּשְׂנְא֖וּ	cc	and
16	יִּשְׂנְא֖וּ	שָׂנֵא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּרְא֣וּ	conj	they hated
17	אֹת	אֵת	ADP	_	18 ֑וֹ	case
18	֑וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 יִּשְׂנְא֖וּ	obj	him
19	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	21 יָכְל֖וּ	cc	and
20	לֹ֥א	לֹא	ADV	_	21 יָכְל֖וּ	advmod	not
21	יָכְל֖וּ	יָכֹל	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יִּרְא֣וּ	conj	they were able
22	דַּבְּר	דָבַר	VERB	HebBinyan=PIEL	21 יָכְל֖וּ	ccomp	to
23	֥וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 דַּבְּר	obj	speak to him
24	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	25 שָׁלֹֽם	case	to
25	שָׁלֹֽם	שָׁלוֹם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	22 דַּבְּר	obl	welfare
26	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	25 שָׁלֹֽם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)
יִּרְאוּ they saw	wayyiqtol · qal	אֶחָי brothers	אָהַב he loved
אָהַב he loved	qatal · qal	אֲבִי father	וֹ him
יִּשְׂנְאוּ they hated	wayyiqtol · qal	אֶחָי brothers	וֹ him
not יָכְלוּ they were able	qatal · qal	אֶחָי brothers	דַּבְּר to
דַּבְּר to	infinitive construct · piel	אֶחָי brothers		וֹ speak to him

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וַחֲזוֹ אֲחוֹהִי אֲרֵי יָתֵהּ רְחֵם אֲבוּהוֹן מִכָּל אֲחוֹהִי וּסְנוֹ יָתֵהּ וְלָא צָבָן לְמַלָּלָא עִמֵּהּ לִשְׁלָם

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And when his brethren saw that their father loved him more than all his brethren, they hated him, and could not speak peaceably unto him.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:1087.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.37.4/