Genesis 4:4 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: Cain, LORD, Abel · What happens: bring, have, offer · To what, where: respect

This is Genesis 4:4 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Cain, LORD, Abel — and what happens in the verse to respect, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְהֶ֨בֶל הֵבִ֥יא גַם־ה֛וּא מִבְּכֹר֥וֹת צֹאנ֖וֹ וּמֵֽחֶלְבֵהֶ֑ן וַיִּ֣שַׁע יְהוָ֔ה אֶל־הֶ֖בֶל וְאֶל־מִנְחָתֽוֹ׃

And Abel, he also brought of the firstlings of his flock and of the fat thereof. And the LORD had respect unto Abel and to his offering;

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	3 הֵבִ֥יא	cc	and
2	הֶ֨בֶל	הֶבֶל	PROPN	_	3 הֵבִ֥יא	dislocated	Abel
3	הֵבִ֥יא	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he brought
4	גַם־	גַּם	ADV	_	5 ה֛וּא	advmod	also
5	ה֛וּא	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 הֵבִ֥יא	nsubj	he
6	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	7 בְּכֹר֥וֹת	case	some
7	בְּכֹר֥וֹת	בְּכֹר	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 הֵבִ֥יא	obl	of the firstborn(s)
8	צֹאנ	צֹאן	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 בְּכֹר֥וֹת	compound:smixut	his flock
9	֖וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 צֹאנ	nmod:poss	his
10	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	12 חֶלְב	cc	and
11	מֵֽ	מִן	ADP	_	12 חֶלְב	case	some
12	חֶלְב	חֵלֶב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	7 בְּכֹר֥וֹת	conj	of
13	ֵהֶ֑ן	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 חֶלְב	nmod:poss	their fat(s)
14	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	15 יִּ֣שַׁע	cc	and
15	יִּ֣שַׁע	שָׁעָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 הֵבִ֥יא	conj	he looked
16	יְהוָ֔ה	יהוה	PROPN	_	15 יִּ֣שַׁע	nsubj	Yahweh
17	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	18 הֶ֖בֶל	case	to
18	הֶ֖בֶל	הֶבֶל	PROPN	_	15 יִּ֣שַׁע	obl	Abel
19	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	21 מִנְחָת	cc	and
20	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	21 מִנְחָת	case	to
21	מִנְחָת	מִנְחָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	18 הֶ֖בֶל	conj	offering
22	ֽוֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 מִנְחָת	nmod:poss	his
23	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	22 ֽוֹ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
הֵבִיא he brought	qatal · hiphil	הוּא he
יִּשַׁע he looked	wayyiqtol · qal	יְהוָה Yahweh

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וְהֶבֶל אַיְתִי אַף הוּא מִבַּכִּירֵי עָנֵהּ וּמִשַׁמִּנְהוֹן וַהֲוַת רַעֲוָא מִן קֳדָם יְיָ בְּהֶבֶל וּבְּקוּרְבָּנֵהּ

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:83.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.4.4/