Genesis 43:20 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: we · What happens: say, come down, buy · To what, where: food · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Genesis 43:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — we — and what happens in the verse to food, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּאמְר֖וּ בִּ֣י אֲדֹנִ֑י יָרֹ֥ד יָרַ֛דְנוּ בַּתְּחִלָּ֖ה לִשְׁבָּר־אֹֽכֶל׃

and said: 'Oh my lord, we came indeed down at the first time to buy food.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּאמְר֖וּ	cc	and
2	יֹּאמְר֖וּ	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they said
3	בִּ֣י	בִּי	INTJ	_	7 יָרַ֛דְנוּ	discourse	pardon us
4	אֲדֹנ	אָדוֹן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 יָרַ֛דְנוּ	dislocated	my lord
5	ִ֑י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	4 אֲדֹנ	nmod:poss	my
6	יָרֹ֥ד	יָרַד	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	7 יָרַ֛דְנוּ	obl:npmod	indeed (come down)
7	יָרַ֛דְנוּ	יָרַד	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=1	2 יֹּאמְר֖וּ	ccomp	we came down
8	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	10 תְּחִלָּ֖ה	case	at
9	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	10 תְּחִלָּ֖ה	det	the
10	תְּחִלָּ֖ה	תְּחִלָּה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	7 יָרַ֛דְנוּ	obl	beginning
11	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	12 שְׁבָּר־	case	to
12	שְׁבָּר־	שָׁבַר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	7 יָרַ֛דְנוּ	advcl	buy
13	אֹֽכֶל	אֹכֶל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 שְׁבָּר־	obj	food
14	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	13 אֹֽכֶל	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: no
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	what, whom (A1)
יֹּאמְרוּ they said	wayyiqtol · qal
יָרַדְנוּ we came down	qatal · qal
שְׁבָּר־ buy	infinitive construct · qal	אֹֽכֶל food

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וַאֲמָרוּ בְּבָעוּ רִבּוֹנִי מֵיחַת נִחֵתְנָא בְּקַדְמֵיתָא לְמִזְבַּן עִיבוּרָא

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

and said: 'Oh my lord, we came indeed down at the first time to buy food.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:1310.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.43.20/