Genesis 44:34 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: I, lad, evil · What happens: go up, not be, look, come

This is Genesis 44:34 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, lad, evil — and what happens in the verse, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

כִּי־אֵיךְ֙ אֶֽעֱלֶ֣ה אֶל־אָבִ֔י וְהַנַּ֖עַר אֵינֶ֣נּוּ אִתִּ֑י פֶּ֚ן אֶרְאֶ֣ה בָרָ֔ע אֲשֶׁ֥ר יִמְצָ֖א אֶת־אָבִֽי׃

For how shall I go up to my father, if the lad be not with me? lest I look upon the evil that shall come on my father.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	כִּי־	כִּי	SCONJ	_	3 אֶֽעֱלֶ֣ה	mark	(dm)
2	אֵיךְ֙	אֵיךְ	INTJ	_	3 אֶֽעֱלֶ֣ה	discourse	how?
3	אֶֽעֱלֶ֣ה	עָלָה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	root	root	will I go up
4	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	5 אָב	case	to
5	אָב	אָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 אֶֽעֱלֶ֣ה	obl	father
6	ִ֔י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	5 אָב	nmod:poss	my
7	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	10 אֵינ	cc	and
8	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	9 נַּ֖עַר	det	the
9	נַּ֖עַר	נַעַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	10 אֵינ	dislocated	lad
10	אֵינ	אַיִן	ADV	_	3 אֶֽעֱלֶ֣ה	conj	not
11	ֶ֣נּוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 אֵינ	nsubj	he
12	אִתּ	אֵת	ADP	_	13 ִ֑י	case	[is] with
13	ִ֑י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	10 אֵינ	obl	me
14	פֶּ֚ן	פֶּן	SCONJ	_	15 אֶרְאֶ֣ה	mark	lest
15	אֶרְאֶ֣ה	רָאָה	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=1	3 אֶֽעֱלֶ֣ה	advcl	I should look
16	בָ	בְּ	ADP	_	18 רָ֔ע	case	on
17	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	18 רָ֔ע	det	the
18	רָ֔ע	רַע	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 אֶרְאֶ֣ה	obl	calamity
19	אֲשֶׁ֥ר	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	20 יִמְצָ֖א	mark	which
20	יִמְצָ֖א	מָצָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	18 רָ֔ע	acl:relcl	it will find
21	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	22 אָב	case	(et)
22	אָב	אָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	20 יִמְצָ֖א	obj	father
23	ִֽי	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	22 אָב	nmod:poss	my
24	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	23 ִֽי	punct

Pragmatics

form: wh-question
act: ask
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes

verb	form · stem	what, whom (A1)
not אֶֽעֱלֶה will I go up	yiqtol · qal
אֶרְאֶה I should look	yiqtol · qal
יִמְצָא it will find	yiqtol · qal	אָב father

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

אֲרֵי אֶכְדֵּין אֶסַּק לְוַת אַבָּא וְעוּלֵימָא לֵיתוֹהִי עִמִּי דִּלְמָא אֶחֱזֵי בְּבִישׁוּ דִּי יִשְׁכַּח יָת אַבָּא

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

For how shall I go up to my father, if the lad be not with me? lest I look upon the evil that shall come on my father.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:1358.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.44.34/