Genesis 45:1 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: Joseph, man · What happens: not refrain, stand, cry, cause, go out, make · To what, where: Joseph, man · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Genesis 45:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Joseph, man — and what happens in the verse to Joseph, man, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְלֹֽא־יָכֹ֨ל יוֹסֵ֜ף לְהִתְאַפֵּ֗ק לְכֹ֤ל הַנִּצָּבִים֙ עָלָ֔יו וַיִּקְרָ֕א הוֹצִ֥יאוּ כָל־אִ֖ישׁ מֵעָלָ֑י וְלֹא־עָ֤מַד אִישׁ֙ אִתּ֔וֹ בְּהִתְוַדַּ֥ע יוֹסֵ֖ף אֶל־אֶחָֽיו׃

Then Joseph could not refrain himself before all them that stood by him; and he cried: 'Cause every man to go out from me.' And there stood no man with him, while Joseph made himself known unto his brethren.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	3 יָכֹ֨ל	cc	and
2	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	3 יָכֹ֨ל	advmod	not
3	יָכֹ֨ל	יָכֹל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he was able
4	יוֹסֵ֜ף	יוֹסֵף	PROPN	_	3 יָכֹ֨ל	nsubj	Joseph
5	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	6 הִתְאַפֵּ֗ק	case	to
6	הִתְאַפֵּ֗ק	אָפַק	VERB	HebBinyan=HITHPAEL	3 יָכֹ֨ל	xcomp	restrain himself
7	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	8 כֹ֤ל	case	to
8	כֹ֤ל	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 הִתְאַפֵּ֗ק	obl	all
9	הַ	הַ	SCONJ	_	10 נִּצָּבִים֙	mark	[those
10	נִּצָּבִים֙	נָצַב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur	8 כֹ֤ל	compound:smixut	who were] standing
11	עָלָ֔י	עַל	ADP	_	12 ו	case	with
12	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 נִּצָּבִים֙	obl	him
13	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	14 יִּקְרָ֕א	cc	and
14	יִּקְרָ֕א	קָרָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 יָכֹ֨ל	conj	he called out
15	הוֹצִ֥יאוּ	יָצָא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=2	14 יִּקְרָ֕א	ccomp	send out
16	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	15 הוֹצִ֥יאוּ	obj	every
17	אִ֖ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 כָל־	compound:smixut	man
18	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	20 ָ֑י	case	from
19	עָל	עַל	ADP	_	20 ָ֑י	case	with
20	ָ֑י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	15 הוֹצִ֥יאוּ	obl	me
21	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	23 עָ֤מַד	cc	and
22	לֹא־	לֹא	ADV	_	23 עָ֤מַד	advmod	not
23	עָ֤מַד	עָמַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	15 הוֹצִ֥יאוּ	conj	he stood
24	אִישׁ֙	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	23 עָ֤מַד	nsubj	anyone
25	אִתּ	אֵת	ADP	_	26 ֔וֹ	case	with
26	֔וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 עָ֤מַד	obl	him
27	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	28 הִתְוַדַּ֥ע	case	when
28	הִתְוַדַּ֥ע	יָדַע	VERB	HebBinyan=HITHPAEL	23 עָ֤מַד	advcl	made himself known
29	יוֹסֵ֖ף	יוֹסֵף	PROPN	_	28 הִתְוַדַּ֥ע	nsubj	Joseph
30	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	31 אֶחָֽי	case	to
31	אֶחָֽי	אָח	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	28 הִתְוַדַּ֥ע	obl	brothers
32	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	31 אֶחָֽי	nmod:poss	his
33	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	32 ו	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · assert · neg

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	who makes it happen (AA)
not יָכֹל he was able	qatal · qal	יוֹסֵף Joseph
הִתְאַפֵּק restrain himself	infinitive construct · hithpael	יוֹסֵף Joseph
יִּקְרָא he called out	wayyiqtol · qal	יוֹסֵף Joseph
הוֹצִיאוּ send out	imperative · hiphil	אִישׁ man	נִּצָּבִים who were] standing
not עָמַד he stood	qatal · qal	אִישׁ anyone
הִתְוַדַּע made himself known	infinitive construct · hithpael	יוֹסֵף Joseph

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וְלָא יְכִיל יוֹסֵף לְאִתְחַסָּנָא לְכֹל דְּקָיְמִין עִלָּוֹהִי וּקְרָא אַפִּיקוּ כָל אֱנַשׁ מֵעִלָּוָי וְלָא קָם אֱנַשׁ עִמֵּהּ כַּד אִתְיְדַע יוֹסֵף לְוַת אֲחוֹהִי

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Then Joseph could not refrain himself before all them that stood by him; and he cried: 'Cause every man to go out from me.' And there stood no man with him, while Joseph made himself known unto his brethren.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:1359.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.45.1/