Genesis 47:18 בְּרֵאשִׁית

Who acts: cattle, We, herds, nought · What happens: end, come, say, not hide, spend, be · To what, where: year, money, sight, lord · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Genesis 47:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — cattle, We, herds, nought — and what happens in the verse to year, money, sight, lord, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 50 chapters of Genesis on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַתִּתֹּם֮ הַשָּׁנָ֣ה הַהִוא֒ וַיָּבֹ֨אוּ אֵלָ֜יו בַּשָּׁנָ֣ה הַשֵּׁנִ֗ית וַיֹּ֤אמְרוּ לוֹ֙ לֹֽא־נְכַחֵ֣ד מֵֽאֲדֹנִ֔י כִּ֚י אִם־תַּ֣ם הַכֶּ֔סֶף וּמִקְנֵ֥ה הַבְּהֵמָ֖ה אֶל־אֲדֹנִ֑י לֹ֤א נִשְׁאַר֙ לִפְנֵ֣י אֲדֹנִ֔י בִּלְתִּ֥י אִם־גְּוִיָּתֵ֖נוּ וְאַדְמָתֵֽנוּ׃

And when that year was ended, they came unto him the second year, and said unto him: 'We will not hide from my lord, how that our money is all spent; and the herds of cattle are my lord's; there is nought left in the sight of my lord, but our bodies, and our lands.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 תִּתֹּם֮	cc	and
2	תִּתֹּם֮	תָּמַם	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it was finished
3	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	4 שָּׁנָ֣ה	det	the
4	שָּׁנָ֣ה	שָׁנָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	2 תִּתֹּם֮	nsubj	year
5	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	6 הִוא֒	det	(the)
6	הִוא֒	הִיא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 שָּׁנָ֣ה	det	that
7	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	8 יָּבֹ֨אוּ	cc	and
8	יָּבֹ֨אוּ	בּוֹא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 תִּתֹּם֮	conj	they came
9	אֵלָ֜י	אֶל	ADP	_	10 ו	case	to
10	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 יָּבֹ֨אוּ	obl	him
11	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	13 שָּׁנָ֣ה	case	in
12	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	13 שָּׁנָ֣ה	det	the
13	שָּׁנָ֣ה	שָׁנָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	8 יָּבֹ֨אוּ	obl	year
14	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	15 שֵּׁנִ֗ית	det	(the)
15	שֵּׁנִ֗ית	שֵׁנִי	NUM	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	13 שָּׁנָ֣ה	nummod	second
16	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	17 יֹּ֤אמְרוּ	cc	and
17	יֹּ֤אמְרוּ	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	2 תִּתֹּם֮	conj	they said
18	ל	לְ	ADP	_	19 וֹ֙	case	to
19	וֹ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 יֹּ֤אמְרוּ	obl	him
20	לֹֽא־	לֹא	ADV	_	21 נְכַחֵ֣ד	advmod	not
21	נְכַחֵ֣ד	כָּחַד	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Plur Person=1	17 יֹּ֤אמְרוּ	ccomp	we will hide
22	מֵֽ	מִן	ADP	_	23 אֲדֹנ	case	from
23	אֲדֹנ	אָדוֹן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	21 נְכַחֵ֣ד	obl	lord
24	ִ֔י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	23 אֲדֹנ	nmod:poss	my
25	כִּ֚י	כִּי	SCONJ	ExtPos=SCONJ	27 תַּ֣ם	mark	(dm) that
26	אִם־	אִם	SCONJ	_	25 כִּ֚י	fixed	if
27	תַּ֣ם	תָּמַם	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	21 נְכַחֵ֣ד	ccomp	it has been finished
28	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	29 כֶּ֔סֶף	det	the
29	כֶּ֔סֶף	כֶּסֶף	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	27 תַּ֣ם	nsubj	money
30	וּ	וְ	CCONJ	_	35 אֲדֹנ	cc	and
31	מִקְנֵ֥ה	מִקְנֶה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	35 אֲדֹנ	nsubj	the livestock
32	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	33 בְּהֵמָ֖ה	det	of
33	בְּהֵמָ֖ה	בְּהֵמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	31 מִקְנֵ֥ה	compound:smixut	the cattle
34	אֶל־	אֶל	ADP	_	35 אֲדֹנ	case	[is] to
35	אֲדֹנ	אָדוֹן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	27 תַּ֣ם	conj	lord
36	ִ֑י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	35 אֲדֹנ	nmod:poss	my
37	לֹ֤א	לֹא	ADV	_	38 נִשְׁאַר֙	advmod	not
38	נִשְׁאַר֙	שָׁאַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Sing Person=3	27 תַּ֣ם	parataxis	it is left
39	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	40 פְנֵ֣י	case	before
40	פְנֵ֣י	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	38 נִשְׁאַר֙	obl
41	אֲדֹנ	אָדוֹן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	40 פְנֵ֣י	compound:smixut	lord
42	ִ֔י	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	41 אֲדֹנ	nmod:poss	my
43	בִּלְתִּ֥י	בֵּלֶת	ADP	_	45 גְּוִיָּת	case	except
44	אִם־	אִם	SCONJ	_	45 גְּוִיָּת	mark	(if)
45	גְּוִיָּת	גְּוִיָּה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	38 נִשְׁאַר֙	obl	body
46	ֵ֖נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	45 גְּוִיָּת	nmod:poss	our
47	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	48 אַדְמָת	cc	and
48	אַדְמָת	אֲדָמָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	45 גְּוִיָּת	conj	land
49	ֵֽנוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	48 אַדְמָת	nmod:poss	our
50	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	49 ֵֽנוּ	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: promise
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
תִּתֹּם it was finished	wayyiqtol · qal	שָּׁנָה year
יָּבֹאוּ they came	wayyiqtol · qal
יֹּאמְרוּ they said	wayyiqtol · qal
not נְכַחֵד we will hide	yiqtol · piel		נִשְׁאַר it is left
תַּם it has been finished	qatal · qal	כֶּסֶף money

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וּשְׁלִימַת שַׁתָּא הַהִיא וַאֲתוֹ לְוָתֵהּ בְּשַׁתָּא תִנְיֵתָא וַאֲמָרוּ לֵהּ לָא נְכַסֵּי מִן רִבּוֹנִי אֶלָּהֵין שְׁלִים כַּסְפָּא וְגֵּיתֵי בְעִירָא לְוַת רִבּוֹנִי לָא אִשְׁתָּאַר קֳדָם רִבּוֹנִי אֶלָּהֵין גְּוִיָתָנָא וְאַרְעָנָא

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And when that year was ended, they came unto him the second year, and said unto him: 'We will not hide from my lord, how that our money is all spent; and the herds of cattle are my lord's; there is nought left in the sight of my lord, but our bodies, and our lands.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:GEN:1438.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.47.18/