Leviticus 11:31 וַיִּקְרָא

Who acts: These, whosoever, gecko · What happens: be, swarm, touch · To what, where: gecko, you

This is Leviticus 11:31 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — These, whosoever, gecko — and what happens in the verse to gecko, you, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 27 chapters of Leviticus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

אֵ֛לֶּה הַטְּמֵאִ֥ים לָכֶ֖ם בְּכָל־הַשָּׁ֑רֶץ כָּל־הַנֹּגֵ֧עַ בָּהֶ֛ם בְּמֹתָ֖ם יִטְמָ֥א עַד־הָעָֽרֶב׃

These are they which are unclean to you among all that swarm; whosoever doth touch them, when they are dead, shall be unclean until the even.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	אֵ֛לֶּה	אֵלֶּה	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur PronType=Dem	3 טְּמֵאִ֥ים	nsubj	these
2	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	3 טְּמֵאִ֥ים	det	[are] the
3	טְּמֵאִ֥ים	טָמֵא	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	root	root	unclean
4	ל	לְ	ADP	_	5 ָכֶ֖ם	case	to
5	ָכֶ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs	3 טְּמֵאִ֥ים	obl	you
6	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	7 כָל־	case	among
7	כָל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	3 טְּמֵאִ֥ים	obl	every
8	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	9 שָּׁ֑רֶץ	det	(the) swarming
9	שָּׁ֑רֶץ	שֶׁרֶץ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	7 כָל־	compound:smixut	thing
10	כָּל־	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 יִטְמָ֥א	nsubj	every
11	הַ	הַ	SCONJ	_	12 נֹּגֵ֧עַ	mark	(the) [one
12	נֹּגֵ֧עַ	נָגַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	10 כָּל־	compound:smixut	who] touches
13	בּ	בְּ	ADP	_	14 ָהֶ֛ם	case	(in)
14	ָהֶ֛ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 נֹּגֵ֧עַ	obl	them
15	בְּ	בְּ	ADP	_	16 מֹת	case	in
16	מֹת	מָוֶת	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	12 נֹּגֵ֧עַ	obl	death
17	ָ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 מֹת	nmod:poss	their
18	יִטְמָ֥א	טָמֵא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	3 טְּמֵאִ֥ים	parataxis	he will be unclean
19	עַד־	עַד	ADP	_	21 עָֽרֶב	case	until
20	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	21 עָֽרֶב	det	the
21	עָֽרֶב	עֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 יִטְמָ֥א	obl	evening
22	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	21 עָֽרֶב	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
יִטְמָא he will be unclean	yiqtol · qal	נֹּגֵעַ who] touches

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

אִלֵין דִמְסַאֲבִין לְכוֹן בְּכָל רִחֲשָׁא כֹּל דְיִקְרַב בְּהוֹן בְּמוֹתְהוֹן יְהֵי מְסָאָב עַד רַמְשָׁא

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

These are they which are unclean to you among all that swarm; whosoever doth touch them, when they are dead, shall be unclean until the even.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:LEV:282.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.11.31/