Leviticus 11:40 וַיִּקְרָא

Who acts: work · What happens: eat, wash, be, bear · To what, where: clothes, carcass

This is Leviticus 11:40 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — work — and what happens in the verse to clothes, carcass, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 27 chapters of Leviticus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְהָֽאֹכֵל֙ מִנִּבְלָתָ֔הּ יְכַבֵּ֥ס בְּגָדָ֖יו וְטָמֵ֣א עַד־הָעָ֑רֶב וְהַנֹּשֵׂא֙ אֶת־נִבְלָתָ֔הּ יְכַבֵּ֥ס בְּגָדָ֖יו וְטָמֵ֥א עַד־הָעָֽרֶב׃

And he that eateth of the carcass of it shall wash his clothes, and be unclean until the even; he also that beareth the carcass of it shall wash his clothes, and be unclean until the even.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 יְכַבֵּ֥ס	cc	and
2	הָֽ	הַ	SCONJ	_	3 אֹכֵל֙	mark	the [one
3	אֹכֵל֙	אָכַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	7 יְכַבֵּ֥ס	nsubj	who] eats
4	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	5 נִּבְלָת	case	any
5	נִּבְלָת	נְבֵלָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	3 אֹכֵל֙	obl	of
6	ָ֔הּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 נִּבְלָת	nmod:poss	its carcass
7	יְכַבֵּ֥ס	כָּבַס	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he will wash
8	בְּגָדָ֖י	בֶּגֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	7 יְכַבֵּ֥ס	obj	garments
9	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 בְּגָדָ֖י	nmod:poss	his
10	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	11 טָמֵ֣א	cc	and
11	טָמֵ֣א	טָמֵא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	7 יְכַבֵּ֥ס	conj	he will be unclean
12	עַד־	עַד	ADP	_	14 עָ֑רֶב	case	until
13	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	14 עָ֑רֶב	det	the
14	עָ֑רֶב	עֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 טָמֵ֣א	obl	evening
15	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	21 יְכַבֵּ֥ס	cc	and
16	הַ	הַ	SCONJ	_	17 נֹּשֵׂא֙	mark	the [one
17	נֹּשֵׂא֙	נָשָׂא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	21 יְכַבֵּ֥ס	nsubj	who] carries
18	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	19 נִבְלָת	case	(et)
19	נִבְלָת	נְבֵלָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	17 נֹּשֵׂא֙	obj	carcass
20	ָ֔הּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 נִבְלָת	nmod:poss	its
21	יְכַבֵּ֥ס	כָּבַס	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	7 יְכַבֵּ֥ס	conj	he will wash
22	בְּגָדָ֖י	בֶּגֶד	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	21 יְכַבֵּ֥ס	obj	garments
23	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 בְּגָדָ֖י	nmod:poss	his
24	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	25 טָמֵ֥א	cc	and
25	טָמֵ֥א	טָמֵא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	7 יְכַבֵּ֥ס	conj	he will be unclean
26	עַד־	עַד	ADP	_	28 עָֽרֶב	case	until
27	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	28 עָֽרֶב	det	the
28	עָֽרֶב	עֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	25 טָמֵ֥א	obl	evening
29	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	28 עָֽרֶב	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יְכַבֵּס he will wash	yiqtol · piel	אֹכֵל who] eats	בְּגָדָי garments
טָמֵא he will be unclean	weqatal · qal	אֹכֵל who] eats
נֹּשֵׂא who] carries	participle active · qal		נִבְלָת carcass
יְכַבֵּס he will wash	yiqtol · piel	נֹּשֵׂא who] carries	בְּגָדָי garments
טָמֵא he will be unclean	weqatal · qal	נֹּשֵׂא who] carries

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וּדְיֵכוּל מִנְבִלְתַּהּ יְצַבַּע לְבוּשׁוֹהִי וִיהֵי מְסָאָב עַד רַמְשָׁא וּדְיִטוֹל יָת נְבִלְתַּהּ יְצַבַּע לְבוּשׁוֹהִי וִיהֵי מְסָאָב עַד רַמְשָׁא

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And he that eateth of the carcass of it shall wash his clothes, and be unclean until the even; he also that beareth the carcass of it shall wash his clothes, and be unclean until the even.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:LEV:291.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.11.40/