Leviticus 18:10 וַיִּקְרָא
Who acts: thou, statutes · What happens: not uncover, be · To what, where: nakedness, own nakedness
This is Leviticus 18:10 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, statutes — and what happens in the verse to nakedness, own nakedness, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 27 chapters of Leviticus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
עֶרְוַ֤ת בַּת־בִּנְךָ֙ א֣וֹ בַֽת־בִּתְּךָ֔ לֹ֥א תְגַלֶּ֖ה עֶרְוָתָ֑ן כִּ֥י עֶרְוָתְךָ֖ הֵֽנָּה׃ס
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | עֶרְוַ֤ת | עֶרְוָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | root | root | the nakedness |
| 2 | בַּת־ | בַּת | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 1 עֶרְוַ֤ת | compound:smixut | of the daughter |
| 3 | בִּנ | בֵּן | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 2 בַּת־ | compound:smixut | your son |
| 4 | ְךָ֙ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs | 3 בִּנ | nmod:poss | your |
| 5 | א֣וֹ | אוֹ | CCONJ | _ | 6 בַֽת־ | cc | or |
| 6 | בַֽת־ | בַּת | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 2 בַּת־ | conj | the daughter |
| 7 | בִּתּ | בַּת | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 6 בַֽת־ | compound:smixut | your daughter |
| 8 | ְךָ֔ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs | 7 בִּתּ | nmod:poss | your |
| 9 | לֹ֥א | לֹא | ADV | _ | 10 תְגַלֶּ֖ה | advmod | not |
| 10 | תְגַלֶּ֖ה | גָּלָה | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=2 | 1 עֶרְוַ֤ת | parataxis | you will uncover |
| 11 | עֶרְוָת | עֶרְוָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 10 תְגַלֶּ֖ה | obj | nakedness |
| 12 | ָ֑ן | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Fem Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 עֶרְוָת | nmod:poss | their |
| 13 | כִּ֥י | כִּי | SCONJ | _ | 14 עֶרְוָת | mark | (dm) |
| 14 | עֶרְוָת | עֶרְוָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Sing | 1 עֶרְוַ֤ת | parataxis | own nakedness |
| 15 | ְךָ֖ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs | 14 עֶרְוָת | nmod:poss | [are] your |
| 16 | הֵֽנָּה | הֵנָּה | PRON | Gender=Fem Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 עֶרְוָת | nsubj | they |
| 17 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 16 הֵֽנָּה | punct | |
| 18 | ס | ס | PUNCT | _ | 16 הֵֽנָּה | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- yes
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| not תְגַלֶּה you will uncover | yiqtol · piel | עֶרְוָת nakedness |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Onkelos
עֶרְיַת בַּת בְּרָךְ אוֹ בַת בְּרַתָּךְ לָא תְגַלֵי עֶרְיַתְהֶן אֲרֵי עֶרְיְתָךְ אִנוּן
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:LEV:515.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.18.10/