Leviticus 18:9 וַיִּקְרָא

Who acts: thou · What happens: bear, not uncover · To what, where: nakedness, home

This is Leviticus 18:9 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou — and what happens in the verse to nakedness, home, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 27 chapters of Leviticus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

עֶרְוַ֨ת אֲחֽוֹתְךָ֤ בַת־אָבִ֙יךָ֙ א֣וֹ בַת־אִמֶּ֔ךָ מוֹלֶ֣דֶת בַּ֔יִת א֖וֹ מוֹלֶ֣דֶת ח֑וּץ לֹ֥א תְגַלֶּ֖ה עֶרְוָתָֽן׃ס

The nakedness of thy sister, the daughter of thy father, or the daughter of thy mother, whether born at home, or born abroad, even their nakedness thou shalt not uncover.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	עֶרְוַ֨ת	עֶרְוָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	17 תְגַלֶּ֖ה	dislocated	the nakedness
2	אֲחֽוֹת	אָחוֹת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	1 עֶרְוַ֨ת	compound:smixut	your sister
3	ְךָ֤	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	2 אֲחֽוֹת	nmod:poss	your
4	בַת־	בַּת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	2 אֲחֽוֹת	appos	the daughter
5	אָבִ֙י	אָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 בַת־	compound:smixut	your father
6	ךָ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	5 אָבִ֙י	nmod:poss	your
7	א֣וֹ	אוֹ	CCONJ	_	8 בַת־	cc	or
8	בַת־	בַּת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	4 בַת־	conj	the daughter
9	אִמּ	אֵם	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	8 בַת־	compound:smixut	your mother
10	ֶ֔ךָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	9 אִמּ	nmod:poss	your
11	מוֹלֶ֣דֶת	מוֹלֶדֶת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	2 אֲחֽוֹת	appos	one born
12	בַּ֔יִת	בַּיִת	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	11 מוֹלֶ֣דֶת	compound:smixut	of house
13	א֖וֹ	אוֹ	CCONJ	_	14 מוֹלֶ֣דֶת	cc	or
14	מוֹלֶ֣דֶת	מוֹלֶדֶת	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	11 מוֹלֶ֣דֶת	conj	one born
15	ח֑וּץ	חוּץ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	14 מוֹלֶ֣דֶת	compound:smixut	(of) outside
16	לֹ֥א	לֹא	ADV	_	17 תְגַלֶּ֖ה	advmod	not
17	תְגַלֶּ֖ה	גָּלָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=2	root	root	you will uncover
18	עֶרְוָת	עֶרְוָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	17 תְגַלֶּ֖ה	obj	nakedness
19	ָֽן	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 עֶרְוָת	nmod:poss	their
20	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	19 ָֽן	punct
21	ס	ס	PUNCT	_	19 ָֽן	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: request
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes
indirect: yes

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	to whom, further (A2)	who makes it happen (AA)
not תְגַלֶּה you will uncover	yiqtol · piel		עֶרְוָת nakedness

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

עֶרְיַת אֲחָתָךְ בַּת אֲבוּךְ אוֹ בַת אִמָךְ דִילִידָא מִן אֲבוּךְ מִן אִתַּת אָחֳרִי אוֹ מִן אִמָךְ לִגְבַר אָחֳרָן לָא תְגַלֵי עֶרְיַתְהֶן

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

The nakedness of thy sister, the daughter of thy father, or the daughter of thy mother, whether born at home, or born abroad, even their nakedness thou shalt not uncover.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:LEV:514.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.18.9/