Leviticus 18:9 · JPS 1917
The nakedness of thy sister, the daughter of thy father, or the daughter of thy mother, whether born at home, or born abroad, even their nakedness thou shalt not uncover.
Who acts: thou · What happens: bear, not uncover · To what, where: nakedness, home
This is Leviticus 18:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 nakedness | det |
| 2 | nakedness | nakedness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 uncover | dislocated |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 sister | case |
| 4 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 5 sister | nmod:poss |
| 5 | sister | sister | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 nakedness | nmod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 daughter | punct |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 daughter | det |
| 8 | daughter | daughter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 nakedness | conj |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 father | case |
| 10 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 11 father | nmod:poss |
| 11 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 daughter | nmod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 daughter | punct |
| 13 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 15 daughter | cc |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 daughter | det |
| 15 | daughter | daughter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 nakedness | conj |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 mother | case |
| 17 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 18 mother | nmod:poss |
| 18 | mother | mother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 daughter | nmod |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 born | punct |
| 20 | whether | whether | SCONJ | _ | 21 born | mark |
| 21 | born | bear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 nakedness | acl |
| 22 | at | at | ADP | _ | 23 home | case |
| 23 | home | home | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 born | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 born | punct |
| 25 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 26 born | cc |
| 26 | born | bear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 21 born | conj |
| 27 | abroad | abroad | ADV | _ | 26 born | advmod |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 nakedness | punct |
| 29 | even | even | ADV | _ | 31 nakedness | advmod |
| 30 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 nakedness | nmod:poss |
| 31 | nakedness | nakedness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 nakedness | appos |
| 32 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 35 uncover | nsubj |
| 33 | shalt | shall | AUX | Style=Arch VerbForm=Fin | 35 uncover | aux |
| 34 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 35 uncover | advmod |
| 35 | uncover | uncover | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 35 uncover | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- other
- voice
- character
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- changed act=other, voice=character
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bear | participle | the nakedness of thy sister and the daughter of thy father or the daughter of thy mother not said here | home | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 2 | bear | participle | abroad property | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 3 | not uncover | shall | thou | the nakedness of thy sister and the daughter of thy father or the daughter of thy mother dislocated | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
עֶרְוַ֨ת אֲחֽוֹתְךָ֤ בַת־אָבִ֙יךָ֙ א֣וֹ בַת־אִמֶּ֔ךָ מוֹלֶ֣דֶת בַּ֔יִת א֖וֹ מוֹלֶ֣דֶת ח֑וּץ לֹ֥א תְגַלֶּ֖ה עֶרְוָתָֽן׃ס
Leviticus 18:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:LEV:520 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.520/