Leviticus 19:14 וַיִּקְרָא

Who acts: Thou, I · What happens: not curse, put, fear, be · To what, where: deaf, stumbling block, blind, God, LORD

This is Leviticus 19:14 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Thou, I — and what happens in the verse to deaf, stumbling block, blind, God, LORD, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 27 chapters of Leviticus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

לֹא־תְקַלֵּ֣ל חֵרֵ֔שׁ וְלִפְנֵ֣י עִוֵּ֔ר לֹ֥א תִתֵּ֖ן מִכְשֹׁ֑ל וְיָרֵ֥אתָ מֵּאֱלֹהֶ֖יךָ אֲנִ֥י יְהוָֽה׃

Thou shalt not curse the deaf, nor put a stumbling-block before the blind, but thou shalt fear thy God: I am the LORD.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	לֹא־	לֹא	ADV	_	2 תְקַלֵּ֣ל	advmod	not
2	תְקַלֵּ֣ל	קָלַל	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=2	root	root	you will curse
3	חֵרֵ֔שׁ	חֵרֵשׁ	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 תְקַלֵּ֣ל	obj	a deaf [person]
4	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 תִתֵּ֖ן	cc	and
5	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	6 פְנֵ֣י	case
6	פְנֵ֣י	פָּנֶה	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 תִתֵּ֖ן	obl	before
7	עִוֵּ֔ר	עִוֵּר	ADJ	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	6 פְנֵ֣י	compound:smixut	a blind [person]
8	לֹ֥א	לֹא	ADV	_	9 תִתֵּ֖ן	advmod	not
9	תִתֵּ֖ן	נָתַן	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	2 תְקַלֵּ֣ל	conj	you will put
10	מִכְשֹׁ֑ל	מִכְשׁוֹל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 תִתֵּ֖ן	obj	a stumbling block
11	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	12 יָרֵ֥אתָ	cc	and
12	יָרֵ֥אתָ	יָרֵא	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	2 תְקַלֵּ֣ל	conj	you will fear
13	מֵּ	מִן	ADP	_	14 אֱלֹהֶ֖י	case	from
14	אֱלֹהֶ֖י	אֱלֹהִים	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	12 יָרֵ֥אתָ	obl	God
15	ךָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	14 אֱלֹהֶ֖י	nmod:poss	your
16	אֲנִ֥י	אֲנִי	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	17 יְהוָֽה	nsubj	I
17	יְהוָֽה	יהוה	PROPN	_	2 תְקַלֵּ֣ל	parataxis	[am] Yahweh
18	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	17 יְהוָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: request
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: yes
indirect: yes

verb	form · stem	what, whom (A1)
not תְקַלֵּל you will curse	yiqtol · piel	חֵרֵשׁ a deaf [person]
not תִתֵּן you will put	yiqtol · qal	מִכְשֹׁל a stumbling block
יָרֵאתָ you will fear	weqatal · qal

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

לָא תְלוּטּ דְלָא שָׁמַע וְקֳדָם דְלָא חָזֵי לָא תְשִׂים תַּקְלָא וְתִדְחַל מֵאֱלָהָךְ אֲנָא יְיָ

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Thou shalt not curse the deaf, nor put a stumbling-block before the blind, but thou shalt fear thy God: I am the LORD.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:LEV:549.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.19.14/