Leviticus 20:18 וַיִּקְרָא

Who acts: man, woman · What happens: lie, have, uncover, make, cut off · To what, where: sickness, nakedness, fountain, both

This is Leviticus 20:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — man, woman — and what happens in the verse to sickness, nakedness, fountain, both, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 27 chapters of Leviticus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וְ֠אִישׁ אֲשֶׁר־יִשְׁכַּ֨ב אֶת־אִשָּׁ֜ה דָּוָ֗ה וְגִלָּ֤ה אֶת־עֶרְוָתָהּ֙ אֶת־מְקֹרָ֣הּ הֶֽעֱרָ֔ה וְהִ֕יא גִּלְּתָ֖ה אֶת־מְק֣וֹר דָּמֶ֑יהָ וְנִכְרְת֥וּ שְׁנֵיהֶ֖ם מִקֶּ֥רֶב עַמָּֽם׃

And if a man shall lie with a woman having her sickness, and shall uncover her nakedness — he hath made naked her fountain, and she hath uncovered the fountain of her blood — both of them shall be cut off from among their people.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וְ֠	וְ	CCONJ	_	25 נִכְרְת֥וּ	cc	and
2	אִישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	25 נִכְרְת֥וּ	dislocated	a man
3	אֲשֶׁר־	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	4 יִשְׁכַּ֨ב	mark	who
4	יִשְׁכַּ֨ב	שָׁכַב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 אִישׁ	acl:relcl	he will lie
5	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	6 אִשָּׁ֜ה	case	with
6	אִשָּׁ֜ה	אִשָּׁה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	4 יִשְׁכַּ֨ב	obl	a woman
7	דָּוָ֗ה	דָּוֶה	ADJ	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	6 אִשָּׁ֜ה	amod	menstruating
8	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	9 גִלָּ֤ה	cc	and
9	גִלָּ֤ה	גָּלָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	4 יִשְׁכַּ֨ב	conj	he will uncover
10	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	11 עֶרְוָת	case	(et)
11	עֶרְוָת	עֶרְוָה	NOUN	Gender=Fem Number=Sing	9 גִלָּ֤ה	obj	nakedness
12	ָהּ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 עֶרְוָת	nmod:poss	her
13	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	14 מְקֹר	case	(et)
14	מְקֹר	מָקוֹר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 הֶֽעֱרָ֔ה	obj	spring
15	ָ֣הּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 מְקֹר	nmod:poss	her
16	הֶֽעֱרָ֔ה	עָרָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Sing Person=3	4 יִשְׁכַּ֨ב	parataxis	he has made naked
17	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	19 גִּלְּתָ֖ה	cc	and
18	הִ֕יא	הִיא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 גִּלְּתָ֖ה	nsubj	she
19	גִּלְּתָ֖ה	גָּלָה	VERB	Gender=Fem HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	4 יִשְׁכַּ֨ב	conj	she has uncovered
20	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	21 מְק֣וֹר	case	(et)
21	מְק֣וֹר	מָקוֹר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	19 גִּלְּתָ֖ה	obj	the spring
22	דָּמֶ֑י	דָּם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	21 מְק֣וֹר	compound:smixut	her blood(s)
23	הָ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 דָּמֶ֑י	nmod:poss	her
24	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	25 נִכְרְת֥וּ	cc	and
25	נִכְרְת֥וּ	כָּרַת	VERB	Gender=Com HebBinyan=NIPHAL Number=Plur Person=3	root	root	they will be cut off
26	שְׁנֵי	שְׁנַיִם	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Dual	27 הֶ֖ם	nummod	both
27	הֶ֖ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 נִכְרְת֥וּ	nsubj	of them
28	מִ	מִן	ADP	_	29 קֶּ֥רֶב	case	from
29	קֶּ֥רֶב	קֶרֶב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	25 נִכְרְת֥וּ	obl	the midst
30	עַמּ	עַם	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	29 קֶּ֥רֶב	compound:smixut	their people
31	ָֽם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	30 עַמּ	nmod:poss	their
32	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	31 ָֽם	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)	who makes it happen (AA)
יִשְׁכַּב he will lie	yiqtol · qal	אִישׁ a man
גִלָּה he will uncover	qatal · piel	אִישׁ a man	עֶרְוָת nakedness
הֶֽעֱרָה he has made naked	qatal · hiphil	מְקֹר spring		אִישׁ a man
גִּלְּתָה she has uncovered	qatal · piel	הִיא she	מְקוֹר the spring
נִכְרְתוּ they will be cut off	qatal · niphal		הֶם of them

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וּגְבַר דִי יִשְׁכּוּב יָת אִתְּתָא סוֹאֲבָתָא וִיגַלֵי יָת עֶרְיְתַהּ יָת קְלָנַהּ גַלִי וְהִיא תְגַלֵי יָת סוֹאֲבַת דְמָהָא וְיִשְׁתֵּיצוּן תַּרְוֵיהוֹן מִגוֹ עַמְהוֹן

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And if a man shall lie with a woman having her sickness, and shall uncover her nakedness — he hath made naked her fountain, and she hath uncovered the fountain of her blood — both of them shall be cut off from among their people.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:LEV:590.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.20.18/