Leviticus 20:18 · JPS 1917
And if a man shall lie with a woman having her sickness, and shall uncover her nakedness — he hath made naked her fountain, and she hath uncovered the fountain of her blood — both of them shall be cut off from among their people.
Who acts: man, woman · What happens: lie, have, uncover, make, cut off · To what, where: sickness, nakedness, fountain, both
This is Leviticus 20:18 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, woman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 made | cc |
| 2 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 6 lie | mark |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 man | det |
| 4 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 lie | nsubj |
| 5 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 6 lie | aux |
| 6 | lie | lie | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 made | advcl |
| 7 | with | with | ADP | _ | 9 woman | case |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 woman | det |
| 9 | woman | woman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 lie | obl |
| 10 | having | have | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 9 woman | acl |
| 11 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 sickness | nmod:poss |
| 12 | sickness | sickness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 having | obj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 uncover | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 uncover | cc |
| 15 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 16 uncover | aux |
| 16 | uncover | uncover | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 lie | conj |
| 17 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 nakedness | nmod:poss |
| 18 | nakedness | nakedness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 uncover | obj |
| 19 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 22 made | punct |
| 20 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 made | nsubj |
| 21 | hath | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 made | aux |
| 22 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 23 | naked | naked | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 made | xcomp |
| 24 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 fountain | nmod:poss |
| 25 | fountain | fountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 made | obj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 uncovered | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 uncovered | cc |
| 28 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 uncovered | nsubj |
| 29 | hath | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 uncovered | aux |
| 30 | uncovered | uncover | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 22 made | conj |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 fountain | det |
| 32 | fountain | fountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 uncovered | obj |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 blood | case |
| 34 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 35 blood | nmod:poss |
| 35 | blood | blood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 fountain | nmod |
| 36 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 42 cut | punct |
| 37 | both | both | DET | PronType=Tot | 42 cut | nsubj:pass |
| 38 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 them | case |
| 39 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 both | nmod |
| 40 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 42 cut | aux |
| 41 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 42 cut | aux:pass |
| 42 | cut | cut | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 22 made | parataxis |
| 43 | off | off | ADP | _ | 42 cut | compound:prt |
| 44 | from | from | ADP | _ | 47 people | case |
| 45 | among | among | ADP | _ | 47 people | case |
| 46 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 47 people | nmod:poss |
| 47 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 cut | obl |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 42 cut | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lie a condition, not said to happen | shall | a man | with a woman | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | have | gerund | a woman not said here | woman's sickness | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sickness=Patient | ||||
| 3 | uncover | shall | a man not said here | woman's nakedness | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | make | present · perfect | man | woman's fountain | naked property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fountain=Product | |||
| 5 | uncover | present · perfect | woman | the fountain of woman's blood | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | cut off | shall · passive | both | from father's people | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP PP»: subject=Theme from people=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וְ֠אִישׁ אֲשֶׁר־יִשְׁכַּ֨ב אֶת־אִשָּׁ֜ה דָּוָ֗ה וְגִלָּ֤ה אֶת־עֶרְוָתָהּ֙ אֶת־מְקֹרָ֣הּ הֶֽעֱרָ֔ה וְהִ֕יא גִּלְּתָ֖ה אֶת־מְק֣וֹר דָּמֶ֑יהָ וְנִכְרְת֥וּ שְׁנֵיהֶ֖ם מִקֶּ֥רֶב עַמָּֽם׃
Leviticus 20:18: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:LEV:597 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.597/