Leviticus 20:17 · JPS 1917
And if a man shall take his sister, his father's daughter, or his mother's daughter, and see her nakedness, and she see his nakedness: it is a shameful thing; and they shall be cut off in the sight of the children of their people: he hath uncovered his sister's nakedness; he shall bear his iniquity.
Who acts: man, woman, blood · What happens: take, see, be, cut off, uncover, bear · To what, where: sister, nakedness, shameful thing, father, sight, iniquity
This is Leviticus 20:17 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, woman, blood), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 take | cc |
| 2 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 6 take | mark |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 man | det |
| 4 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 take | nsubj |
| 5 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 6 take | aux |
| 6 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 7 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 sister | nmod:poss |
| 8 | sister | sister | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 take | obj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 daughter | punct |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 father | nmod:poss |
| 11 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 daughter | nmod:poss |
| 12 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 11 father | case |
| 13 | daughter | daughter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 sister | conj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 daughter | punct |
| 15 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 19 daughter | cc |
| 16 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 mother | nmod:poss |
| 17 | mother | mother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 daughter | nmod:poss |
| 18 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 17 mother | case |
| 19 | daughter | daughter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 sister | conj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 see | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 see | cc |
| 22 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 take | conj |
| 23 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 nakedness | nmod:poss |
| 24 | nakedness | nakedness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 see | obj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 see | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 see | cc |
| 27 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 see | nsubj |
| 28 | see | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 see | conj |
| 29 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 30 nakedness | nmod:poss |
| 30 | nakedness | nakedness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 see | obj |
| 31 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 36 thing | punct |
| 32 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 thing | nsubj |
| 33 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 36 thing | cop |
| 34 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 thing | det |
| 35 | shameful | shameful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 thing | amod |
| 36 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 take | parataxis |
| 37 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 42 cut | punct |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 cut | cc |
| 39 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 42 cut | nsubj:pass |
| 40 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 42 cut | aux |
| 41 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 42 cut | aux:pass |
| 42 | cut | cut | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 36 thing | conj |
| 43 | off | off | ADP | _ | 42 cut | compound:prt |
| 44 | in | in | ADP | _ | 46 sight | case |
| 45 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 sight | det |
| 46 | sight | sight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 cut | obl |
| 47 | of | of | ADP | _ | 49 children | case |
| 48 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 children | det |
| 49 | children | child | NOUN | Number=Plur | 46 sight | nmod |
| 50 | of | of | ADP | _ | 52 people | case |
| 51 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 52 people | nmod:poss |
| 52 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 49 children | nmod |
| 53 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 56 uncovered | punct |
| 54 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 56 uncovered | nsubj |
| 55 | hath | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 56 uncovered | aux |
| 56 | uncovered | uncover | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 36 thing | parataxis |
| 57 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 58 sister | nmod:poss |
| 58 | sister | sister | NOUN | Number=Sing | 60 nakedness | nmod:poss |
| 59 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 58 sister | case |
| 60 | nakedness | nakedness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 56 uncovered | obj |
| 61 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 64 bear | punct |
| 62 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 64 bear | nsubj |
| 63 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 64 bear | aux |
| 64 | bear | bear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 56 uncovered | parataxis |
| 65 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 66 iniquity | nmod:poss |
| 66 | iniquity | iniquity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 64 bear | obj |
| 67 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 56 uncovered | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | shall | a man | man's sister and man's father's daughter or man's mother's daughter | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument sister=Destination | ||||
| 2 | see | infinitive | a man not said here | woman's nakedness | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer nakedness=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | see | present | woman | man's nakedness | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer nakedness=Stimulus | ||||
| 4 | is a | present | blood | a shameful thing | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | cut off | shall · passive | father | the sight of the children of father's people | vn stop-55.4-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: subject=Eventuality | ||||
| 6 | uncover | present · perfect | man | man's sister's nakedness | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | bear | shall | man | man's iniquity | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent iniquity=Patient | ||||
| 8 | sight | the children of father's people | nom sight «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וְאִ֣ישׁ אֲשֶׁר־יִקַּ֣ח אֶת־אֲחֹת֡וֹ בַּת־אָבִ֣יו א֣וֹ בַת־אִ֠מּוֹ וְרָאָ֨ה אֶת־עֶרְוָתָ֜הּ וְהִֽיא־תִרְאֶ֤ה אֶת־עֶרְוָתוֹ֙ חֶ֣סֶד ה֔וּא וְנִ֨כְרְת֔וּ לְעֵינֵ֖י בְּנֵ֣י עַמָּ֑ם עֶרְוַ֧ת אֲחֹת֛וֹ גִּלָּ֖ה עֲוֺנ֥וֹ יִשָּֽׂא׃
Leviticus 20:17: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:LEV:596 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.596/