Leviticus 20:16 · JPS 1917
And if a woman approach unto any beast, and lie down thereto, thou shalt kill the woman, and the beast: they shall surely be put to death; their blood shall be upon them.
Who acts: woman, thou, blood · What happens: approach, lie down, kill, put, be · To what, where: woman, father
This is Leviticus 20:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (woman, thou, blood), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 kill | cc |
| 2 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 5 approach | mark |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 woman | det |
| 4 | woman | woman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 approach | nsubj |
| 5 | approach | approach | VERB | Mood=Sub VerbForm=Fin | 17 kill | advcl |
| 6 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 8 beast | case |
| 7 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 8 beast | det |
| 8 | beast | beast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 approach | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 lie | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 lie | cc |
| 11 | lie | lie | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 approach | conj |
| 12 | down | down | ADV | _ | 11 lie | advmod |
| 13 | thereto | thereto | ADV | _ | 11 lie | advmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 approach | punct |
| 15 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 17 kill | nsubj |
| 16 | shalt | shall | AUX | Style=Arch VerbForm=Fin | 17 kill | aux |
| 17 | kill | kill | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 woman | det |
| 19 | woman | woman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 kill | obj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 beast | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 beast | cc |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 beast | det |
| 23 | beast | beast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 woman | conj |
| 24 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 29 put | punct |
| 25 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 put | nsubj:pass |
| 26 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 29 put | aux |
| 27 | surely | surely | ADV | _ | 29 put | advmod |
| 28 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 29 put | aux:pass |
| 29 | put | put | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 kill | parataxis |
| 30 | to | to | ADP | _ | 31 death | case |
| 31 | death | death | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 put | obl |
| 32 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 38 them | punct |
| 33 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 34 blood | nmod:poss |
| 34 | blood | blood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 them | nsubj |
| 35 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 38 them | aux |
| 36 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 38 them | cop |
| 37 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 38 them | case |
| 38 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 put | conj |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 17 kill | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- narrate
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | approach a condition, not said to happen | present | a woman | unto any beast | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | lie down | infinitive | a woman not said here | down, thereto property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | kill | shall | thou | the woman and the beast | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent woman=Theme | ||||
| 4 | put | shall · passive | father | to death; surely property | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: subject=Goal | ||||
| 5 | is | shall | father's blood | upon statutes = statute | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The Hebrew of this verse
וְאִשָּׁ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר תִּקְרַ֤ב אֶל־כָּל־בְּהֵמָה֙ לְרִבְעָ֣ה אֹתָ֔הּ וְהָרַגְתָּ֥ אֶת־הָאִשָּׁ֖ה וְאֶת־הַבְּהֵמָ֑ה מ֥וֹת יוּמָ֖תוּ דְּמֵיהֶ֥ם בָּֽם׃
Leviticus 20:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →
Source. The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence jps:LEV:595 of Mova's parse database.
The tree and the speech act come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/LEV.595/