Leviticus 26:46 וַיִּקְרָא
Who acts: These, LORD · What happens: be, make · To what, where: statutes, mount
This is Leviticus 26:46 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — These, LORD — and what happens in the verse to statutes, mount, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 27 chapters of Leviticus on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.
אֵ֠לֶּה הַֽחֻקִּ֣ים וְהַמִּשְׁפָּטִים֮ וְהַתּוֹרֹת֒ אֲשֶׁר֙ נָתַ֣ן יְהוָ֔ה בֵּינ֕וֹ וּבֵ֖ין בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל בְּהַ֥ר סִינַ֖י בְּיַד־מֹשֶֽׁה׃פ
The tree
Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation | gloss |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | אֵ֠לֶּה | אֵלֶּה | PRON | Gender=Com Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 3 חֻקִּ֣ים | nsubj | these |
| 2 | הַֽ | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 3 חֻקִּ֣ים | det | [are] the |
| 3 | חֻקִּ֣ים | חֹק | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | root | root | statutes |
| 4 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 6 מִּשְׁפָּטִים֮ | cc | and |
| 5 | הַ | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 6 מִּשְׁפָּטִים֮ | det | the |
| 6 | מִּשְׁפָּטִים֮ | מִשְׁפָּט | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 3 חֻקִּ֣ים | conj | judgments |
| 7 | וְ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 9 תּוֹרֹת֒ | cc | and |
| 8 | הַ | הַ | DET | PronType=Art | 9 תּוֹרֹת֒ | det | the legal |
| 9 | תּוֹרֹת֒ | תּוֹרָה | NOUN | Gender=Fem Number=Plur | 3 חֻקִּ֣ים | conj | [procedures] |
| 10 | אֲשֶׁר֙ | אֲשֶׁר | SCONJ | _ | 11 נָתַ֣ן | mark | which |
| 11 | נָתַ֣ן | נָתַן | VERB | Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3 | 3 חֻקִּ֣ים | acl:relcl | he gave |
| 12 | יְהוָ֔ה | יהוה | PROPN | _ | 11 נָתַ֣ן | nsubj | Yahweh |
| 13 | בֵּינ | בֵּין | ADP | _ | 14 ֕וֹ | case | between |
| 14 | ֕וֹ | הוּא | PRON | Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 נָתַ֣ן | obl | himself |
| 15 | וּ | וְ | CCONJ | _ | 17 בְּנֵ֣י | cc | and |
| 16 | בֵ֖ין | בֵּין | ADP | _ | 17 בְּנֵ֣י | case | between |
| 17 | בְּנֵ֣י | בֵּן | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Plur | 14 ֕וֹ | conj | the people |
| 18 | יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל | יִשְׂרָאֵל | PROPN | _ | 17 בְּנֵ֣י | compound:smixut | of Israel |
| 19 | בְּ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 20 הַ֥ר | case | on |
| 20 | הַ֥ר | הַר | NOUN | Gender=Masc Number=Sing | 11 נָתַ֣ן | obl | the mountain |
| 21 | סִינַ֖י | סִינַי | PROPN | _ | 20 הַ֥ר | compound:smixut | of Sinai |
| 22 | בְּ | בְּ | ADP | _ | 23 יַד־ | case | by |
| 23 | יַד־ | יָד | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 נָתַ֣ן | obl | the hand |
| 24 | מֹשֶֽׁה | מֹשֶׁה | PROPN | _ | 23 יַד־ | compound:smixut | of Moses |
| 25 | ׃ | ׃ | PUNCT | _ | 24 מֹשֶֽׁה | punct | |
| 26 | פ | פ | PUNCT | _ | 24 מֹשֶֽׁה | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- character
- speech
- inside a quote begun earlier
- negation
- no
| verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| נָתַן he gave | qatal · qal | יְהוָה Yahweh | חֻקִּים statutes + מִּשְׁפָּטִים judgments + תּוֹרֹת [procedures] |
MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.
Targum Onkelos
אִלֵין קְיָמַיָא וְדִינַיָא וְאוֹרָיָתָא דִי יְהַב יְיָ בֵּין מֵימְרֵהּ וּבֵין בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּטוּרָא דְסִינַי בִּידָא דְמֹשֶׁה
The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.
English, JPS 1917
Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.
Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.
English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).
Hebrew sentence wlc:LEV:824.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/LEV.26.46/