Numbers 10:31 בְּמִדְבַּר

Who acts: LORD, I, thou, we · What happens: say, not leave, pray, know, be · To what, where: us, thee, wilderness · Speech: someone speaks in this verse

This is Numbers 10:31 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — LORD, I, thou, we — and what happens in the verse to us, thee, wilderness, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of Numbers on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֹּ֕אמֶר אַל־נָ֖א תַּעֲזֹ֣ב אֹתָ֑נוּ כִּ֣י ׀ עַל־כֵּ֣ן יָדַ֗עְתָּ חֲנֹתֵ֙נוּ֙ בַּמִּדְבָּ֔ר וְהָיִ֥יתָ לָּ֖נוּ לְעֵינָֽיִם׃

And he said: 'Leave us not, I pray thee; forasmuch as thou knowest how we are to encamp in the wilderness, and thou shalt be to us instead of eyes.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֹּ֕אמֶר	cc	and
2	יֹּ֕אמֶר	אָמַר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he said
3	אַל־	אַל	ADV	_	5 תַּעֲזֹ֣ב	advmod	do not
4	נָ֖א	נָא	INTJ	_	5 תַּעֲזֹ֣ב	discourse	please
5	תַּעֲזֹ֣ב	עָזַב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	2 יֹּ֕אמֶר	ccomp	leave
6	אֹת	אֵת	ADP	_	7 ָ֑נוּ	case
7	ָ֑נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	5 תַּעֲזֹ֣ב	obj	us
8	כִּ֣י	כִּי	SCONJ	_	11 כֵּ֣ן	mark	(dm)
9	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	8 כִּ֣י	punct
10	עַל־	עַל	ADP	_	11 כֵּ֣ן	case	therefore
11	כֵּ֣ן	כֵּן	ADV	_	2 יֹּ֕אמֶר	conj
12	יָדַ֗עְתָּ	יָדַע	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	5 תַּעֲזֹ֣ב	parataxis	you know
13	חֲנֹת	חָנָה	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	12 יָדַ֗עְתָּ	obj	encamping
14	ֵ֙נוּ֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	13 חֲנֹת	nsubj	our
15	בַּ	בְּ	ADP	_	17 מִּדְבָּ֔ר	case	in
16	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	17 מִּדְבָּ֔ר	det	the
17	מִּדְבָּ֔ר	מִדְבָּר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	13 חֲנֹת	obl	wilderness
18	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	23 עֵינָֽיִם	cc	and
19	הָיִ֥יתָ	הָיָה	AUX	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	23 עֵינָֽיִם	cop	you will become
20	לּ	לְ	ADP	_	21 ָ֖נוּ	case
21	ָ֖נוּ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	23 עֵינָֽיִם	obl	our
22	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	23 עֵינָֽיִם	case	(into)
23	עֵינָֽיִם	עַיִן	NOUN	Number=Dual	5 תַּעֲזֹ֣ב	conj	eyes
24	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	23 עֵינָֽיִם	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: a frame and its quote
negation: yes
hedged: yes (נָא)
the frame alone: decl · narrate · none

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יֹּאמֶר he said	wayyiqtol · qal
not תַּעֲזֹב leave	jussive · qal		ָנוּ us
יָדַעְתָּ you know	qatal · qal		חֲנֹת encamping
חֲנֹת encamping	infinitive construct · qal	ֵנוּ our
הָיִיתָ you will become	weqatal · qal

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וַאֲמַר לָא כְעַן תִּשְׁבּוֹק יָתָנָא אֲרֵי עַל כֵּן יְדַעַתְּ כַּד הֲוֵינָא שָׁרַן בְּמַדְבְּרָא וּגְבוּרָן דְאִתְעֲבִידָן לָנָא חֲזֵיתָא בְעֵינָיִךְ

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

And he said: 'Leave us not, I pray thee; forasmuch as thou knowest how we are to encamp in the wilderness, and thou shalt be to us instead of eyes.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:NUM:414.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.10.31/