Numbers 13:2 בְּמִדְבַּר

Who acts: thou, men, I, ye · What happens: send, spy out, give · To what, where: men, land, man

This is Numbers 13:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thou, men, I, ye — and what happens in the verse to men, land, man, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of Numbers on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

שְׁלַח־לְךָ֣ אֲנָשִׁ֗ים וְיָתֻ֙רוּ֙ אֶת־אֶ֣רֶץ כְּנַ֔עַן אֲשֶׁר־אֲנִ֥י נֹתֵ֖ן לִבְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל אִ֣ישׁ אֶחָד֩ אִ֨ישׁ אֶחָ֜ד לְמַטֵּ֤ה אֲבֹתָיו֙ תִּשְׁלָ֔חוּ כֹּ֖ל נָשִׂ֥יא בָהֶֽם׃

'Send thou men, that they may spy out the land of Canaan, which I give unto the children of Israel; of every tribe of their fathers shall ye send a man, every one a prince among them.'

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	שְׁלַח־	שָׁלַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=2	root	root	send
2	ל	לְ	ADP	_	3 ְךָ֣	case	(for
3	ְךָ֣	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs	1 שְׁלַח־	obl	yourself
4	אֲנָשִׁ֗ים	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	1 שְׁלַח־	obj	men
5	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	6 יָתֻ֙רוּ֙	cc	so
6	יָתֻ֙רוּ֙	תּוּר	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=3	1 שְׁלַח־	conj	that they may spy out
7	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	8 אֶ֣רֶץ	case	(et)
8	אֶ֣רֶץ	אֶרֶץ	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 יָתֻ֙רוּ֙	obj	the land
9	כְּנַ֔עַן	כְּנַעַן	PROPN	_	8 אֶ֣רֶץ	compound:smixut	of Canaan
10	אֲשֶׁר־	אֲשֶׁר	SCONJ	_	12 נֹתֵ֖ן	mark	which
11	אֲנִ֥י	אֲנִי	PRON	Gender=Com Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	12 נֹתֵ֖ן	nsubj	I
12	נֹתֵ֖ן	נָתַן	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	8 אֶ֣רֶץ	acl:relcl	[am] about to give
13	לִ	לְ	ADP	_	14 בְנֵ֣י	case	to
14	בְנֵ֣י	בֵּן	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	12 נֹתֵ֖ן	obl	the people
15	יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	14 בְנֵ֣י	compound:smixut	of Israel
16	אִ֣ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	24 תִּשְׁלָ֔חוּ	obj	a man
17	אֶחָד֩	אֶחָד	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 אִ֣ישׁ	nummod	one
18	אִ֨ישׁ	אִישׁ	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	16 אִ֣ישׁ	conj	a man
19	אֶחָ֜ד	אֶחָד	NUM	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	18 אִ֨ישׁ	nummod	one
20	לְ	לְ	ADP	_	21 מַטֵּ֤ה	case	for
21	מַטֵּ֤ה	מַטֶּה	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	24 תִּשְׁלָ֔חוּ	obl	the tribe
22	אֲבֹתָי	אָב	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Plur	21 מַטֵּ֤ה	compound:smixut	his ancestors
23	ו֙	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 אֲבֹתָי	nmod:poss	his
24	תִּשְׁלָ֔חוּ	שָׁלַח	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Plur Person=2	1 שְׁלַח־	parataxis	you will send
25	כֹּ֖ל	כֹּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	26 נָשִׂ֥יא	nsubj	every [one]
26	נָשִׂ֥יא	נָשִׂיא	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	1 שְׁלַח־	parataxis	a leader
27	ב	בְּ	ADP	_	28 ָהֶֽם	case	among
28	ָהֶֽם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 נָשִׂ֥יא	obl	them
29	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	28 ָהֶֽם	punct

Pragmatics

form: command
act: request
voice: character
speech: inside a quote begun earlier
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
שְׁלַח־ send	imperative · qal		אֲנָשִׁים men
יָתֻרוּ that they may spy out	yiqtol · qal	אֲנָשִׁים men	אֶרֶץ the land
נֹתֵן [am] about to give	participle active · qal	אֲנִי I	אֶרֶץ the land
תִּשְׁלָחוּ you will send	yiqtol · qal	בְנֵי the people	אִישׁ a man

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

שְׁלַח לָךְ גֻבְרִין וִיאַלְלוּן יָת אַרְעָא דִכְנָעַן דִי אֲנִי יָהֵב לִבְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל גַבְרָא חַד גַבְרָא חַד לְשִׁבְטָא דַאֲבָהָתוֹהִי תְּשַׁלְחוּן כֹּל רַבָּא דִבְהוֹן

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

'Send thou men, that they may spy out the land of Canaan, which I give unto the children of Israel; of every tribe of their fathers shall ye send a man, every one a prince among them.'

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:NUM:472.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.13.2/