Numbers 14:45 בְּמִדְבַּר

Who acts: Amalekite · What happens: dwell, come down, smote, beat down · To what, where: hill country, Amalekite

This is Numbers 14:45 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Amalekite — and what happens in the verse to hill country, Amalekite, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of Numbers on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיֵּ֤רֶד הָעֲמָלֵקִי֙ וְהַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֔י הַיֹּשֵׁ֖ב בָּהָ֣ר הַה֑וּא וַיַּכּ֥וּם וַֽיַּכְּת֖וּם עַד־הַֽחָרְמָֽה׃פ

Then the Amalekite and the Canaanite, who dwelt in that hill-country, came down, and smote them and beat them down, even unto Hormah.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יֵּ֤רֶד	cc	and
2	יֵּ֤רֶד	יָרַד	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	he came down
3	הָ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	4 עֲמָלֵקִי֙	det	the
4	עֲמָלֵקִי֙	עֲמָלֵקִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	2 יֵּ֤רֶד	nsubj	Amalekite[s]
5	וְ	וְ	CCONJ	_	7 כְּנַעֲנִ֔י	cc	and
6	הַֽ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	7 כְּנַעֲנִ֔י	det	the
7	כְּנַעֲנִ֔י	כְּנַעֲנִי	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	4 עֲמָלֵקִי֙	conj	Canaanite[s]
8	הַ	הַ	SCONJ	_	9 יֹּשֵׁ֖ב	mark	[who]
9	יֹּשֵׁ֖ב	יָשַׁב	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing	4 עֲמָלֵקִי֙	acl:relcl	dwelt
10	בָּ	בְּ	ADP	_	12 הָ֣ר	case	in
11	ה	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	12 הָ֣ר	det	the hill
12	הָ֣ר	הַר	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	9 יֹּשֵׁ֖ב	obl	country
13	הַ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	14 ה֑וּא	det	(the)
14	ה֑וּא	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 הָ֣ר	det	that
15	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	16 יַּכּ֥וּ	cc	and
16	יַּכּ֥וּ	נָכָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יֵּ֤רֶד	conj	they
17	ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 יַּכּ֥וּ	obj	attacked them
18	וַֽ	וְ	CCONJ	_	19 יַּכְּת֖וּ	cc	and
19	יַּכְּת֖וּ	כָּתַת	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=HIPHIL Number=Plur Person=3	2 יֵּ֤רֶד	conj	they
20	ם	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 יַּכְּת֖וּ	obj	scattered them
21	עַד־	עַד	ADP	_	23 חָרְמָֽה	case	to
22	הַֽ	הַ	DET	PronType=Art	23 חָרְמָֽה	det	(the)
23	חָרְמָֽה	חׇרְמָה	PROPN	_	19 יַּכְּת֖וּ	obl	Hormah
24	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	23 חָרְמָֽה	punct
25	פ	פ	PUNCT	_	23 חָרְמָֽה	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	who makes it happen (AA)
יֵּרֶד he came down	wayyiqtol · qal	עֲמָלֵקִי Amalekite[s] + כְּנַעֲנִי Canaanite[s]
יֹּשֵׁב dwelt	participle active · qal	עֲמָלֵקִי Amalekite[s] + כְּנַעֲנִי Canaanite[s]
יַּכּוּ they	wayyiqtol · hiphil	ם attacked them	עֲמָלֵקִי Amalekite[s] + כְּנַעֲנִי Canaanite[s]
יַּכְּתוּ they	wayyiqtol · hiphil	ם scattered them	עֲמָלֵקִי Amalekite[s] + כְּנַעֲנִי Canaanite[s]

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וּנְחַת עֲמַלְקָאָה וּכְנַעֲנָאָה דְיָתֵב בְּטוּרָא הַהוּא וּמְחֻנוּן וּטְרָדֻנוּן עַד חָרְמָה

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Then the Amalekite and the Canaanite, who dwelt in that hill-country, came down, and smote them and beat them down, even unto Hormah.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:NUM:548.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.14.45/