Numbers 20:21 בְּמִדְבַּר

Who acts: Edom, Israel · What happens: refuse, not give, turn away · To what, where: passage, Israel, border

This is Numbers 20:21 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (The Torah). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Edom, Israel — and what happens in the verse to passage, Israel, border, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Onkelos and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 36 chapters of Numbers on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between.

וַיְמָאֵ֣ן ׀ אֱד֗וֹם נְתֹן֙ אֶת־יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל עֲבֹ֖ר בִּגְבֻל֑וֹ וַיֵּ֥ט יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל מֵעָלָֽיו׃פ

Thus Edom refused to give Israel passage through his border; wherefore Israel turned away from him.

The tree

Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation	gloss
1	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	2 יְמָאֵ֣ן	cc	and
2	יְמָאֵ֣ן	מָאֵן	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=PIEL Number=Sing Person=3	root	root	it refused
3	׀	׀	PUNCT	_	2 יְמָאֵ֣ן	punct
4	אֱד֗וֹם	אֱדוֹם	PROPN	_	2 יְמָאֵ֣ן	nsubj	Edom
5	נְתֹן֙	נָתַן	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	2 יְמָאֵ֣ן	ccomp	to permit
6	אֶת־	אֵת	ADP	_	8 עֲבֹ֖ר	case	(et)
7	יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	8 עֲבֹ֖ר	nsubj	Israel
8	עֲבֹ֖ר	עָבַר	VERB	HebBinyan=QAL	5 נְתֹן֙	obj	to pass
9	בִּ	בְּ	ADP	_	10 גְבֻל	case	in
10	גְבֻל	גְּבוּל	NOUN	Gender=Masc Number=Sing	8 עֲבֹ֖ר	obl	territory
11	֑וֹ	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 גְבֻל	nmod:poss	its
12	וַ	וְ	CCONJ	_	13 יֵּ֥ט	cc	and
13	יֵּ֥ט	נָטָה	VERB	Gender=Masc HebBinyan=QAL Number=Sing Person=3	2 יְמָאֵ֣ן	conj	it turned aside
14	יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל	יִשְׂרָאֵל	PROPN	_	13 יֵּ֥ט	nsubj	Israel
15	מֵ	מִן	ADP	_	17 ו	case	from
16	עָלָֽי	עַל	ADP	_	17 ו	case	on
17	ו	הוּא	PRON	Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 יֵּ֥ט	obl	it
18	׃	׃	PUNCT	_	17 ו	punct
19	פ	פ	PUNCT	_	17 ו	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: narrate
voice: narrator
speech: narration
negation: no

verb	form · stem	who (A0)	what, whom (A1)
יְמָאֵן it refused	wayyiqtol · piel	אֱדוֹם Edom	נְתֹן to permit
נְתֹן to permit	infinitive construct · qal	אֱדוֹם Edom	עֲבֹר to pass
עֲבֹר to pass	infinitive construct · qal	יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel
יֵּט it turned aside	wayyiqtol · qal	יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel

MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen.

Targum Onkelos

וְסָרֵיב אֱדוֹמָאָה לְמִשְׁבַּק יָת יִשְׂרָאֵל לְמֶעֱבַר בִּתְחוּמֵיהּ וּסְטָּא יִשְׂרָאֵל מִלְוָתֵיהּ

The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet.

English, JPS 1917

Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in.

Thus Edom refused to give Israel passage through his border; wherefore Israel turned away from him.

Hebrew text: Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. Tree, glosses and frames: MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew, CC BY 4.0; converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). Speech act: Mova's rules on the MACULA words (macula prag). Targum: Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain.

English: JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License).

Hebrew sentence wlc:NUM:727.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/NUM.20.21/